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91. The correct answer is (D). The statements describe a philosophy often called Social Darwinism.
On this view, a process analogous to natural selection of the fittest members of animal species oper-
ates in society to select for social and economic reward those who are the fittest.
92. The correct answer is (D). (A), (B), (C), and (E) were all consequences of New Deal legislation spurred
by the need for economic recovery or by concern for those who suffered economically during the Great
Depression. Advancing civil rights, however, was not an important objective of the New Deal.

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Lesson 6
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ARCO
■ SAT II Subject Tests
93. The correct answer is (A). Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 gives Congress the power to “regulate
commerce . . . among the several states.” This power has been interpreted very broadly and has been
the foundation for legislation such as the minimum wage law and civil rights acts. Here the restaurant
would be considered to be engaged in interstate commerce because it feeds customers from out-of-
state, buys food that was grown in another state, uses utensils that came from another state, and so on.
So if Congress found a legitimate legislative purpose, such as protecting nonsmokers from secondary
smoke, the law would probably be constitutional.
94. The correct answer is (E). With the withdrawal of Japanese troops from China following World
War II, Nationalist Chiang Kai-shek and Communist Mao Zedong resumed a civil war. The United
States for a time supplied military aid to the corrupt Chiang Kai-shek regime in hopes of preventing
the communists from taking control of the country. By 1949, however, the Nationalists were in full
retreat, and Chiang Kai-shek’s army was evacuated to the island of Taiwan. Although the communists
were in control of China, the United States refused to recognize the government and for more than 20
years maintained that the legitimate government was the Nationalist government on Taiwan. This
unrealistic view was undermined when President Richard Nixon made a trip to China in 1972; and in
1979, President Jimmy Carter established formal diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic,
thereby recognizing it as the legitimate government of China.