Auxiliary verbs (to be, to do, to have) Present simple

14-savol.
Countable/Uncountable nouns

Donalab sanaladigan va donalab sanalmaydigan otlar

(Countable and Noncountable Nouns)

1. 
   Donalab sanaladigan otlarni sanab bo‘ladi. Ular birlik va ko‘plikda ishlatiladi: a pen — two pens, three pens.
   

I’ve bought a book.
Men (bitta) kitob sotib oldim.

I’ve bought two books.
Men ikkita kitob sotib oldim.

There is a library in this street.
Bu ko‘chada kutubxona bor.

There are very many libraries in Tashkent.
Toshkentda ko‘p kutubxonalar bor.

Birlikda kelgan donalab sanaladigan otlar yakka o‘zi ishlatilmaydi. Ularning oldidan a, the, my, Olim’s (artikl, egalik olmoshlari yoki qaratqich kelishigi qo‘shimchasini olgan otlar) dan biri keladi: I want a banana. (I want banana deb bo‘lmaydi).

2. 
   Moddiy va mavhum otlar donalab sanalmaydigan otlardir. Ular faqat birlikda ishlatiladi:
   

Coal is produced in many districts of our country
Mamlakatimizning ko‘pgina tumanlarida ko‘mir qazib olinadi.

Knowledge is power.
Bilim — kuchdir.

Donalab sanalmaydigan otlar yakka o‘zi kelishi mumkin:

I eat rice every day.
Men har kuni guruch yeyman.

3. 
   Ba’zi moddiy otlar shu moddadan yasalgan buyumni ifodalab donalab sanaladigan otga aylanadi:
   

He carried a brick (two bricks) in each hand.
U har bir qo‘lida bittadan (ikkitadan) g‘isht ko‘tarib keldi.

Our house is built of brick.
Uyimiz g‘ishtdan qurilgan.

The boy threw a stone (two stones) into the water.
Bola suvga bitta (ikkita) tosh otdi

The ground was as hard as stone.
Yer toshdek qattiq edi

4. Ba’zi moddiy otlar shu moddaning har xil navini yoki turini ifodalab, donalab sanaladigan otga aylanadi:

It is a good wine.
Bu yaxshi vino.

He prefers Caucasian wines Crimean wines.
Qrim vinolaridan ko‘ra Kavkaz vinolarini afzal ko‘radi.

We export lubricating oils.
Biz moylovchilarni eksport qilamiz.

5. Ba’zi mavhum otlar konkretlashib donalab sanaladigan otlarga aylanadi:

He made a speech yesterday.
Kecha u nutq so‘zladi.

His speeches are always interesting.
Uning nutqlari doimo qiziq.

Animals do not possess the power of speech.
Hayvonlar gapirish qobiliyatiga ega emas.

6. Ba’zi donalab sanalmaydigan otlar ro‘yxati: