Boshlang'ich sinflarda matematika o'qitish metodikasi
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6. Taqqoslash va qarama-qarshi qo 'yish
M a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h d a b ir -b irig a o ‘x s h a s h m a s a la la r j u d a k o ‘p. M a s a la n , q o ‘s h is h n in g o ‘r in a lm a s h tiris h v a k o ‘p a y tiris h n in g o ‘r in a lm a s h tir is h x o s s a la ri 4 + 3 = 3 + 4 , 3 x 4 = 4 x 3 o ‘q u v c h ila r b u x o s- s a la r n i b ir -b iri b ila n ta q q o s la y d ila r , fa rq q ilu v c h i v a o ‘x s h a s h to - m o n la rin i a jra tib o la d ila r. Y a n g i m a te ria ln i tu s h u n tiris h u c h u n h a m m a s h q la m i sh u n d a y ta n la s h k e ra k k i, u la r o ld in g i d a rs d a y e c h ilg a n m a s h q la r b ila n b ir x illik v a fa rq q ilu v c h i e le m e n tla m i a jra tib o lsin . M a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h d a q a ra m a -q a rs h i m a s a la la r h a m m a s a la n , q o ‘s h is h v a a y iris h u c h ra y d i. B u ik k i m iq d o m i t o ‘g ‘ri qoM lash b ilim - la rn i u m u m la s h tiris h g a , t o ‘g ‘r i x u lo s a c h iq a ris h g a o lib k e la d i. 7. Dasturlashtirilgan о ‘qitish 0 ‘q u v m a te r ia lin in g u n c h a k a tta b oM m agan, m a n tiq a n o ‘z a ro b o g M a n g an q is m la rin i o ‘z ic h ig a o lg a n v a m a x s u s is h la n g a n to p - s h ir iq la r b o ‘y ic h a m a te ria ln i o ‘rg a n is h d a s tu rla s h tirilg a n о ‘q itis h d e y ila d i. H a r b ir q is m n in g b a ja r ilis h i o ‘q itu v c h i y o k i m a x s u s a s b o b n a z o r a t q ilib tu ra d i. N a z o ra tn in g n a tija s i o ‘q u v c h ig a a y tila d i. T o ‘g ‘ri boM sa b a h o la n a d i, n o to ‘g ‘ri b o ‘lsa u n i tu z a tis h t o ‘g ‘r is id a k o ‘r s a tm a b e ra d i. B u o ‘q itis h n in g a y rim x u s u s iy a tla r i o d a td a g i o ‘q itis h m e to d - la rid a h a m m a v ju d : m a te ria ln i b a y o n q ilis h d a m a n tiq iy a m a lla m i b a - j a r i s h v a m a s a la la m i y e c h is h d a a lg o ritm la rd a n fo y d a la n ish . 51 H o z ir b o sh la n g N c h sin fla rd a d a s tu rla s h tirilg a n o ‘q itis h u c h u n m a x s u s o ‘q u v q o N la n m a la ri b o ‘lm a s a -d a b a ’zi b ir to p s h iriq la rn i b a - ja r i s h m u m k in . M is o lla r J a v o b la r S h ifr 5 6 + 23 5 5 ,4 9 ,7 9 ,6 1 ,8 5 1 7 0 - 2 4 ...4 6 ... 2 3 6 : 12 ....3 ...... 3 7 4 * 4 ...2 9 6 ... 4 8 1 0 : 9 ....9 0 ... 0 ‘q u v c h ila r o ld in m is o ln i y e c h a d ila r v a ja v o b la r n i b e rilg a n ja v o b b ila n s o lis h tirib k o ‘r a d ila r . T o p g a n ja v o b n i y e c h ilg a n m is o l t o ‘g ‘ris ig a y o z a d i. B u m e to d te s tg a j u d a h a m o ‘x s h a s h d ir. B u n d a to p s h iriq la rn in g 5 ta ja v o b i y o z ila d i. U la rd a n 1 ta si t o ‘g ‘ri ja v o b boM ib, sh u t o ‘g ‘ri ja v o b n i to p ib to ‘g ‘ri b e lg ila s a b a ll o la d i. M a s a la n , b e r ilg a n to ‘rtb u rc h a k la r o r a s id a h a m m a t o ‘g ‘ri to ‘rtb u rc h a k la rn i to p in g v a k a rto c h k a la r y o rd a m id a u la rn in g ra q a m - la rin i k o ‘rsa tin g . 3 A . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 B . 1 , 3 , 2 D . 2 , 4 , 5 E. 1 , 2 , 3 F. 2, 3 , 4 , 5 A rifm e tik a m a lla rn i t o ‘g ‘ri b a ja r ilg a n lig in i te k s h iris h m a q s a d id a q u y id a g i m is o ln i o la m iz . M is o l. H a r b ir a m a l o ‘zi y o k i te s k a ri a m a l b ila n te k s h irila d i. amallar dastur Javoblar 1 2 3 4 5 1) qo'shish 2) ayirish 3) ko'paytrish 4) boMish a + b = с a - b = с ab = с a : b = с a-c=b c-a=b ac-b c:a =b b+c=a c+b =a bc=a c:b=a с-a =b a-c=b c:a =b ac =b c-b=a a+c=b c:b =a bc=a b-c =a b + a=c a:c =b a:c =b 52 |
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