Country Background Report – Denmark
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10932 OECD Country Background Report Denmark
The 2014 reform of the Folkeskole
In 2014, a new school reform was initiated by a broad political majority in the Danish parliament. The reform represents a major change of the Danish Folkeskole, since it marks new ways of organising students’ school days, more time for academic devel- opment and more room for new ways to learn. For instance, students are taught more hours each day, and the school day includes regular physical exercise. The school re- form is motivated by a need to improve both the educational performance and wellbe- ing of Danish students. It has the following three main goals: • The public school must challenge all students to reach their full potential. All students must be challenged according to their academic level. • The public school must lower the significance of social background for aca- demic results. • Trust in the school and student well-being must be enhanced through respect for professional knowledge and practice in the public school. Moreover, there is a stronger focus on national performance measures, e.g. indicators regarding academic performance, as well as the wellbeing of students. Furthermore, more financial and managerial autonomy is granted to school leaders. In line with ear- lier reforms, the idea is that more autonomy is delegated to the school leaders in return for a nationally consistent and congruent performance system. This system is expected to increase the incentives of the school leaders to improve school performance in ac- cordance with national goals. Measurable results and attainment targets are set up to support the fulfillment of the national objectives. The intention is to monitor the development continuously. The targets are: • At least 80 per cent of the students must be good at reading and maths in the national tests. A baseline is set based on the results of students achieving the mark 3 or higher in the national tests in 2012. • The number of high-performance students in Danish and maths must increase year by year. A baseline is set based on the percentage of students achieving the top score 5 in the national tests in 2012. • The number of students performing poorly in the national tests on reading and maths must be reduced year by year. The indicator is particularly to focus on the percentage of students with parents with only compulsory or unknown educa- tion that perform poorly in the national test. 42 • The wellbeing of students must increase. A national obligatory and robust indi- cator for wellbeing has been developed by the Ministry of Education. The in- strument is based on a survey conducted among the students on their wellbeing. The first survey was conducted in late March 2015. The objectives for the students’ academic development are estimated based on the stu- dents’ results in standardized national tests, see below. The results are aggregated on a national level at the municipal level, school level, form level and for the individual student. The aggregated measures serve as a starting point for the follow-up, which must take place at all levels – from teacher to national level – in relation to the development of the students’ academic standards. There will be a yearly review on the fulfillment of the targets. This review will serve as the basis for a discussion on the status of the Folkeskole reform between the gov- ernment, the municipalities and stakeholders such as Local Government Denmark (LGDK) and the Teachers’ Union. The main elements of the reform of the Folkeskole are: • A longer and more varied school day with more and improved teaching and learning. The structure of the school day is deregulated. At the same time, the requirements on the total number of teaching time in especially Danish and maths are extended substantially, including: o Increased number of Danish and Maths lessons o Introduction of English in the 1 st form and a second foreign language in the 5 th form o New subjects in Crafts and design and Nutrition knowledge o Increased number of physical exercise and sport lessons o Subject-divided lessons and additional time for assisted learning o Homework assistance. • An enhanced professional and competency development of teachers, pedagogi- cal staff and school principals • Few and clear objectives and simplification of rules and regulations. The Common Objectives of curricula are clarified and simplified. The purpose of this is to ensure learning objectives focusing on learning outcome and support- ing goal-oriented teaching to a larger degree compared to the former curricula versions. • Increased focus on preparing students for further education. • Better learning environments. • Stronger parental influence and increased student participation. 43 • A shift in the management of the sector away from input management – i.e. management of teacher behaviour – and process regulation towards manage- ment based on an enhanced focus on academic results. As part of the political agreement of the reform of the Folkeskole in 2014, 1 billion DKK was granted nationally for competence development of teachers in the years 2014-2020. No systematic knowledge on the implementation and effects of this is yet available. Parallel to the 2014 reform of the Folkeskole, a reform of vocational training has been initiated, and a reform of the upper secondary school was under preparation. 21 The intention is to develop a coherent school system for children from the age of 0 to 18. General trends in these reforms are a focus on academic skills, the well-being of stu- dents, the quality of teaching and simplification of rules/cutting of red tape. A recur- ring theme in the reforms is that they are intended to support the achievement of the political aim that 95 per cent of each annual cohort of young people are to complete an upper secondary or vocational education. Download 1.6 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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