Course paper theme: problematic issues of translation of grammatical methadological tools

CHAPTER I.
THE PROBLEMS AND THEORETICAL ISSUES OF THE TRANSLATION IN GRAMMAR DEVICES

1. 
   The significance and role of translation
   

Rewriting a text from one language into another is the definition of translation as a literary form. The most crucial method of global communication is translation. There are different categories of translation, such as artistic translation, scientific translation, and others, depending on the original and restored text's nature. It may take these shapes depending on how the original copy is reflected. Translation It was developed as a result of the requirement for interaction and communication among members of various tribes. Translation is a form of spoken language that is still used today.
The primary characteristic of artistic translation results from language's artistic function. In a work of art, language becomes into an artistic phenomenon, a fact of art. A component of "artistic reality" in a literary work is the language used. In translation, the process of re-expressing the picture with the image, the artistic meaning of this figurative expressive language is transferred to the figurative expressive ground of another language. As a result, the translator has a fresh perspective on the artistic thinking process behind the work's events. The translator must recreate the original's unity of form and substance as a work of art and preserve national and individual qualities in accordance with the standards of modern translation. The translator takes into account the existence of numerous disparities and relies on the mother tongue's degree of growth, translation traditions, and experiences. The translator's options are increased by his creativity and knowledge. The translator uses his native tongue as both an analytical tool and a testing criterion when they are working on the translation

According to Nizami [21,4], translation is not a copying-based task but rather a creative process, and a translator should be a talented writer who has been making real translation since they were young. Its established ideas and traditions were shaped by the literary climate in a particular place during various eras, particularly the formation of specialized schools of translation. shows.

Today, every developed country translates into their own language content from the languages of hundreds of other countries that pertain to dozens of different scientific and cultural sectors (lyrical poems, messages, technology literature, etc.). Translation is not copying; instead, it bears the stylistic imprint of the translator, which is outside of his control. The translator recreates the original text in a new language by aesthetically expressing the writer's observations from real-life situations. He must possess an in-depth understanding of the world described in the work at the author's level in order to accomplish this. Since the history of translation is entwined with the history of literature, translation has a significant impact on the evolution of literature in every country. Uzbek literature has a long history of developing translation. Translation plays a significant role in the works of authors including Mahmud Koshgari, Rabguzi, Qutb, Navoi, Babur, Munis, and Ogahi.. Cholpon, Gafur Ghulam, Oybek, Abdulla Qahhor, Mirtemir, Shaikhzada, Mirzakalon Ismaili, Askad Mukhtar, Erkin Vahidov, Abdulla Oripov, Muhammad Ali, and other twentieth-century Uzbek authors were successful in the field of literary translation. Professional translators in the area of artistic translation include M. Osim, N. Alimuhamedov, Sh. Shomuhamedov, K. Kakhdorova, O. Sharopov, Sh. Tolipov, V. Rozimatov, K. Mirmuhamedov, A. Rashidov, M. Hakimov, I. Gafurov, M. Mirzoidov, G. Torabekov, and T. Alimov [4,55]. The translation of scientific, technical, and socio-political literature into Uzbek has also made significant progress. This has been greatly helped by translators like R. Abdurakhdyunov, V. Rahimov, A. Shomahmudov, and 3. Tincherova [4,56]. The study of translation as a practice, its quirks, historical development, guiding principles, and other aspects aid the translator in selecting a work for translation while taking into account interlinguistic variations and other characteristics of the original, national literary traditions. Translation studies first appeared in 20th-century Uzbek literature and later developed into a distinct field of study. The translation literature of this era, as well as the science of translation studies, were both begun by proficient translators like Cholpon and Sanjar Siddiq, who also produced papers and pamphlets about translation.
Texts' morphological characteristics in the second half of the 20th century
Priority was given to the literary effects that written texts have on the reader because the text itself serves as the primary source and cannot have such effects. The main text is taken into consideration when applying these criteria. This method has the translator translate the text in the same way that the original text does.
Literal translations are those that are based on text where to find the text
According to the translation methodology, the reader's source for the written text is the target culture, so he does not anticipate that his culture will be as useful as a student. Rapidly expanding globalization and communication tools, the development of international relations, and an interest in other cultures all contribute to the replacement of language-based approaches with translations of texts that are unfamiliar to the reader of the target language. This new method places more emphasis on general text than on individual words. The objective is to communicate the core concept to the target reader in the target language, not to convey words. There also different approaches in translation.