English Grammar: a resource Book for Students
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English Grammar- A Resource Book for Students
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Activity A.3.1: 1, 3 and 5 are nouns, 2 and 4 are adjectives, while in 6 there are both. Note that an adjective premodifier comes before a noun premodifier. (By the way, in the phrase adjective modifier, the word adjective is actually a noun modifier!) Activity A3.2: In one meaning English is an adjective premodifier, meaning someone from England. In the other English is a noun premodifier, meaning the language. The same ambiguity would be possible with many nationality/language words such as German, French, Chinese, which can all be nouns as well as adjectives. Activity A3.3: The two look very similar and the meanings are similar, too, but there is a difference. Healthy food is food that has the quality of being good for you. It is gradable and comparable (see A4), so some food can be ‘very healthy’ or ‘healthier’. Health food, however, is a type or class of food (designed to be good for health, but not necessarily so – ‘health food’ isn’t always ‘healthy food’). Some adjectives and all nouns used as premodifiers have this function of classifying, as opposed to expressing a quality. So, for example, a ‘foreign’ investor is distinct from a local one. Activity A3.4: The head nouns are postmodification, phrase, system and phrases. Everything after them in 1, 3 and 4 constitutes the postmodifiers, which contain other noun phrases: a particular preposition in 1, communication in 3, and several instances and such recursion in 4. Note that the postmodifier consists of a prepositional phrase in 1 and 3 and a nonfinite clause in 4 (involving . . . ). Activity A3.5: There are seven (not counting repetitions): a, every, the, its, their, another and such. There are also a number of noun phrases which have no determiner, for example human language. Activity A3.6: The answer is that most can. As a result, it can be argued that deter miners are not a separate word class. This issue is discussed at length in the article in D3 (in the section entitled ‘Troubles for linguists’). Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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