English Grammar: a resource Book for Students
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English Grammar- A Resource Book for Students
Activity A8.2
✪ Activity A8.3 50 I N T R O D U C T I O N There are two types: subject predicative (Ps), as in the above examples, and object predicative (Po) as in these examples: I painted the wall black. She considers me her friend. Subject predicatives occur after ‘link’ verbs such as be, become, look, appear, etc.; object predicatives occur after the object of ‘link transitive’ verbs. See B8 for more on these. Both types of predicative indicate a relationship of equivalence or description. With object predicatives, we can show the relationship with a paraphrase involving a link verb: After painting the wall was black. She considers that I am her friend. Predicatives can look like objects since they come after verbs or objects. And they are usually questioned in the same way, with who or what: Who are you? I am her friend. What are you? I am a teacher. In one situation, however, subject predicatives can be questioned using how, namely when the answer is an adjective: How is she? Better. To distinguish objects and predicatives, the passive test (as in Activity A8.3 above) can be used. Working out how many separate entities are involved in a clause can also help. Objects and subjects are two different entities, whereas with subjects and their predica tives, or objects and their predicatives, there is only one entity: the black wall, or me, her friend. There is one apparent exception, with reflexive pronouns, e.g. I hurt myself, but here the subject and object, though coreferential, are regarded as separate entities. This is an old joke. A man leaves a hotel and asks the porter ‘Can you call me a taxi?’ ‘Yes, sir,’ replies the porter. ‘You’re a taxi.’ Can you explain this ‘misunderstanding’ in terms of clause elements? Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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