Green Capitals "in the Hearts and Minds of the People"
Response from municipal officials
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GreenCapitalsintheHeartsandMindsofthePeople
Response from municipal officials The previous section has underlined that the fact the EGCA requires to involve several offices and political ranks within each city administration is perceived as something new compared to everyday work. This makes it even more interesting to look at the response of the administrative and political officials who were involved in the competition, which are vital in understanding how the project was interpreted in the single administrations. In almost all cases the office that manages the EGCA application is the environmental or, where present, the sustainability office. At the political level, it is the Alderman delegated to Environmental policy who is generally in charge of it, even when it is the mayor who promotes the application, like in Ghent and Tallinn (GHE-ADM1; TAL-ADM). Typically, one or more employees of the environmental office collect the data after asking them to the other municipal offices or agencies who own them (BOL-ADM; CAG-CON; GHE-ADM1; NIJ-ADM2; UME-ADM; TAL-ADM). It is quite common that not all the criteria can be filled with the data the municipality owns, and other private or state entities have to be asked for further data (GHE-ADM1; OSL-ADM1; TOR-ADM). Once the data are gathered, the application is written and submitted within the environmental office. In this application phase, which all applicants experienced, the kind of response from other offices that interviewees related was quite different. Generally, when the application was launched right before the deadline, and the work had to be done in a hurry, the reaction was negative because the officials had to gather a high amount of data in a short time (CAG-CON; 46 BOL-ADM; LAH-ADM; NIJ-ADM1). Where more time was available, the response was quite neutral (GHE-ADM1; TAL-ADM; UME-ADM). Some interviewees reported that most colleagues regarded the EGCA as one of the many daily tasks, and a project mostly related to the environmental office work (CAG-CON; NIJ-ADM1). Only when the city won the award officials were reportedly more involved (NIJ-ADM1; OSL-ADM1; OSL-ADM2), even if it was still felt like a matter of the environmental office: " Ehm… other sectors were more occupied with their own field of work, and they said "wow, that's nice for you!" and then we said them "that's nice for us, and that should also be nice for you, hehe, because there is going to be work for all of us!" "(NIJ-ADM1) In cities like Cagliari, Umeå and Tallinn, some administrative officials were said to be happy to collaborate because they regarded the application criteria as a way to show to the politicians either the achievements of their office or the issues that required attention (CAG-CON; TAL-ADM; UME-ADM). Even in these cases, though, it was noticed that the attitude towards sustainability is still sectorial. Sustainability is regarded as one sector like another rather than a concept encompassing the work of the entire municipality (CAG-CON; NIJ-ADM1). As to the political officials other than the alderman in charge, their reactions were also generally neutral to positive during the application and presentation phases. No opposition to the EGCA project in itself was reported in any case (CAG-CON; BOL-ADM; GHE-ADM1; LAH-POL; OSL-ADM1; UM-ADM; TAL-ADM). In general, the EGCA was managed by the administration in charge, and the opposition was not involved in any of the cases (CAG-POL; BOL-POL; LAH-ADM; NIJ-ADM1). One interesting observation here is the fact that almost all the ruling parties of the cases in this research were from the left-wing (CAG-POL; BOL-POL; GHE-ADM1; OSL-ADM1; NIJ-ADM1; UME-ADM). Some of them even included green parties, like Nijmegen, Oslo and Ghent, and not surprisingly officials from such parties were reportedly very much committed to the EGCA application and to the Green Capital Year (GHE-ADM2; OSL-ADM1; NIJ-ADM1). Thus, the EGCA has also been used in the political debate by right-wing oppositions, either to criticize the significant sums that were invested in the Green Capital Year, as in Nijmegen (NIJ-ADM1; NIJ-ADM2) or the fact that the city lost the contest because of its environmental gaps, as in Bologna (BOL-POL). In the case of Tallinn, candidates from either political side were even said to have used the EGCA in their electoral speeches (TAL-ADM). The literature of sustainability TMNs, actually, highlights already how 47 left-wing parties are more prone to joining and participating in networks (Hakelberg, 2014; Mocca, 2017). Even if in a case like Oslo the interviewees explicitly stressed how in their town sustainability is a bipartisan issue (OSL-ADM1; OSL-ADM2), it is interesting to notice how that conclusion seems to fit also the EGCA in the cases of this research, although further enquiry is needed to support it. While the application phase was received with a mild to positive attitude that turned more enthusiastic when running the European Green Capital Year, between these two phases there is one that attracted some criticism. Both the interviewees and their colleagues had some doubts about the transparency of the finals phase. As discussed earlier in the thesis, in this phase finalists have to prepare a presentation where they present their city to a jury of European officials and show their potential of becoming a model for other cities in Europe (EGCA, 2022). This makes the final judgement quite subjective, as it is based more on the communication performance than on the quantitative criteria that are used until that moment (Gudmundsson, 2015). Concerning this phase, practitioners came to believe that such a choice is mostly based on geographical representation. The Commission is believed to push for having winners from all parts of Europe, which would be detrimental for Northern and Western European cities, whose performances on the criteria are better than Southern and Eastern European cities (BOL-ADM; CAG-POL; GHE-ADM1; GHE-ADM2; NIJ-ADM1; UME-ADM): Download 0.67 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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