Green Capitals "in the Hearts and Minds of the People"
Download 0.67 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
GreenCapitalsintheHeartsandMindsofthePeople
"We also understood that there is always a sort of European context, a sort of regional
aspect also involved, and I mean that… you need to have winners from different parts of Europe" (LAH-ADM) This idea was expressed by many different interviewees. When they were asked where it stemmed from, what emerged was that it is due partly to the results of the EGCA itself and partly to the explicit desire of the EGCA officials from the Commission to have more Eastern European applicants (GHE-ADM2; UME-ADM). This belief is said to be reinforced by informal talks among officials during the finals (GHE-ADM2; UME-ADM) and from the narrative of other promoters of the EGCA, such as consultants and TMNs. In cities like Cagliari and Bologna, the ICLEI city network even encouraged the administrations to apply because victory for a Southern European city would be easier that year, as Northern European cities had won the previous editions (BOL-ADM; BOL-POL; CAG-CON; CAG-POL). Some interviewees understood the need for such a geographical balance and 48 did not report any disappointment with it even if it caused their city to lose multiple times, like in Umeå (UME-ADM). In the case of Ghent, though, this supposed logic was met with criticism, as it was revealed to officials through rumours during the finals after they lost against Lisbon (GHE-ADM1; GHE-ADM2): "the year that Lisbon won it was… yeah… it was clear that the European Union… they would like to have a southern Europe capital… role model. So, if Ghent was there or not it wouldn't make any difference" (GHE-ADM1) " There is really people from other cities saying to us "yeah, you should have known it was going to be Lisbon… it had to be South or Eastern Europe this year!" and I was "I don't know, I don't know it works that way!". There was a lot of talk in the corridors about this kind of politics involved in the award." (GHE-ADM2) This feeling was not restricted to Ghent officials, as it was reported even in Oslo and Lahti after they also lost twice in a row (LAH-ADM; OSL-ADM1). Nevertheless, in the latter cases political officials decided that such a geographical balance could also work in favour of their Northern European city the next time (LAH-ADM; OSL-ADM1). The next application actually brought both cities to win the award, while Ghent did not apply again, even if it keeps participating to the EGC Network as a former finalist (GHE-ADM2). While not being explicitly criticized, then, this apparent geographical logic of the EGCA selection disappoints the officials regarding the objectivity of the awarding. It can probably be regarded as part of a general lack of transparency that is associated with the EGCA in the literature (Mijering et al.,2014; Gudmundsson, 2015). In conclusion, the reactions that were reported in the interviews varied from one phase to the other of the EGCA. A neutral reaction prevailed in the application phase, as the EGCA was regarded as a matter of the environmental office. The finals were the phase where the greatest excitement and even disappointment were related instead. Finally, the Green Capital Year was received with general acclaim, even if it was still regarded as an environmental event. No reactions are reported for participating in the EGC Network, mostly because the interviewees are also the only officials in their city who participate in the network’s meetings (GHE-ADM2; NIJ-ADM1; UME-ADM). From these results it looks peculiar that the phase of the award the literature focuses the most on, i.e. the application phase, is also the one where less engagement is felt among practitioners. If the EGCA 49 criteria were capable of shifting the attention of sustainability policy within the municipality (Gulsrud et al., 2017), one would not expect them to be regarded as part of a project belonging almost exclusively to the environmental office. At the same time, neglecting the phase when the award creates momentum for sustainability policy, i.e. the Green Capital Year, might leave out a moment in which the impact of the award on policy could be verified through empirical data. Besides, as in the case of promoters, this is also the phase where an higher number of political actors is involved. It would be interesting to verify how taking part to such a big event influenced their policymaking approach. Even in this case, then, the different phases of the EGCA involve different activities and different numbers and types of actors. It is quite difficult to defend that only one of them might influence urban policy, and whether they do at all have an impact should be a matter of further research. Download 0.67 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2025
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling