«Исследование о природе и причинах богатства народов»

II. Прочитайте текст без словаря и изложите его содержание на русском языке.


Russian ruble
The ruble (RUB) is the currency of the Russian Federation. Formerly, the ruble was also the currency of the Soviet Union and the Russian Empire. According to the most popular version, the word «ruble» is derived from the Russian verb meaning «to chop». The ruble has been the Russian unit of currency for about 500 years. From 1710, the ruble was divided into 100 kopecks. Coins are minted in at the St. Petersburg Mint which has operated since 1724.
In November, 2004, the authorities of Dimitrovgrad (Ulyanovsk Region) erected a five-meter monument to the ruble.

to chop – рубить (топором)

Mint – монетный двор

III. Устная тема.

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АВТОНОМНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «РОССИЙСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ТРАНСПОРТА» (РУТ (МИИТ) РОАТ	ЗАЧЁТНЫЙ БИЛЕТ №7 по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский) Экономические направления подготовки и специальность	УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зав. кафедрой Маслова М.В.
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст со словарём. Alfred Marshall Alfred Marshall (1842–1924) was one of the most influential English economists. His book, «Principles of Economics»(1890), brought the ideas of supply and demand, of marginal utility and of the costs of production into a whole. It became the dominant economic textbook in England for a long period. Alfred grew up in London and was educated at Cambridge University, where he demonstrated an aptitude in mathematics. Marshall became a professor in 1868 specialising in political economy. Then he became a principal at University College, Bristol, lecturing on political economy and economics. In 1884 Marshall returned to Cambridge and the next two decades he took the seat as а Professor of Political Economy. Alfred Marshall – Альфред Маршалл «Principles of Economics» – «Принципы экономической науки» marginal utility – предельная полезность costs of production – издержки производства a principal – директор (колледжа) Bristol – Бристоль (город на юго-западе Великобритании)