Konspekt “to be”

For example:
I have been to the States twice.
How many books have read?
Have you ever been to the UK?
I have never cooked pizza before. It is very nice.
This is the first time I have driven the car.
*** Biroq ish-harakatning bajarilgan vaqti aniq berilgan bo’lsa PAST SIMPLE ishlatiladi.***
# compare *I have been to Australia.
*I went to Australia last week.
# Note Present Perfectni shakllantirish uchun bajaruvchi ham bajarilmish ham hayot yoki mavjud bo’lishi kerak.
For example: -My father met I.Karimov.(hayot emas)
-My father has met Sh.Mirziyoyev.(hayot)
4. Yangiliklar present perfectda beriladi.
a) Yaqin o’tgan zamonda gapirilayotgan muhitda sodir bo’lgan yangiliklar.
For example:
Oh! I have broken my pen.
I have done my homework.
I have broken my pen.could you give me yours?
There has been an accident.
# compare. Have you read”o’tkan kunlar” by A. Qodiriy?
Have you read a new poem by I. Mirzo?
b)Olamshumul yangiliklar .
For example:
Our sportsmen have won a lot of medals in Tokio.
Our government has given money award and a Malibu to each of them.
NOTE!!! Yangililar ,xabarlar Present perfectda .Tavsilot esa Past simple da yoki Past continuous da beriladi.
For example: I have met an old friend of mine.
I came across with him in the train on the way here.He was coming to the conference.
Ammo!!! Ushbu qoidani (note dagi)ketma-ket berilgan 2ta yangilik qoidasiga almashtirmaslik kerak.