O‘zmu xabarlari вестник нууз acta nuuz

Discussions. The division of stylistic means into 
expressive and figurative is conditional, since figurative 
means, i.e. tropes also perform an expressive function, and 
expressive syntactic means can participate in the creation of 
figurativeness, in the image. 
In addition to the division into figurative and 
expressive means of the language, the division into expressive 
means of the language and stylistic devices is quite 
widespread, with the division of the means of the language 
into neutral, expressive and proper stylistic, which are called 

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O‘zMU xabarlari Вестник НУУз ACTA NUUz
 
FILOLOGIYA 
1/5 2023 
- 314 -
techniques. Under the stylistic device of I.R. Galperin 
understands the intentional and conscious strengthening of 
some typical structural and / or semantic feature of a linguistic 
unit (neutral or expressive), which has reached generalization 
and typification and thus has become a generative model1. 
With this approach, the main differential feature becomes the 
intentionality or purposefulness of the use of one or another 
element, as opposed to its existence in the language system. 
For the stylistics of decoding as the stylistics of interpretation, 
and not the generation of the text, such an understanding is not 
suitable, since the reader does not have the data to determine 
whether this or that trope is used intentionally or 
unintentionally (intuitively). It is important for him not to 
penetrate the writer's creative laboratory, although this is very 
interesting, but to perceive the emotional and aesthetic artistic 
information, to notice the emergence of new contextual 
meanings generated by the interdependence of the elements of 
the artistic whole.
Along with linguistic visual and expressive means, 
thematic stylistic means should also be mentioned. The theme 
is the reflection in the literary work of the selected area of 
reality. Whether the author is talking about a trip to exotic 
countries or a walk through the autumn forest, about 
magnificent feasts or prisoners of the dungeon - the choice of 
the topic is inextricably linked with the artistic task, and 
therefore has a stylistic function, is a means of influencing the 
reader and reflecting the writer's worldview. Each literary 
movement favors a certain set of themes. Sentimentalism, for 
example, is characterized by the themes of nature and rural 
life, death and cemeteries, and the humiliation of the weak and 
defenseless. The themes of nightmares, madness, vicious love 
affairs are characteristic of the style of existentialist novels. 
Expressive and visual means are considered in the 
style of decoding only in connection with the artistic whole, as 
its integral part. Each element of a literary text - words, sounds 
of words, construction of phrases, etc. - affects the mind and 
feelings of the reader not separately, not in isolation, but in its 
specific function, in connection with the artistic whole, 
including micro- and macro-context. The enumeration of the 
expressive and figurative means and “devices” contained in 
the text, no matter how exhaustive it may be, is not a stylistic 
analysis and does not give interpretation if it does not serve a 
single purpose and does not show the connection between 
form and content in a coherent text. Defining and listing 
stylistic means is a waste of time if it does not serve to reveal 
how these means express content. 
In modern science, a new approach to the 
interpretation of the expressive means of fiction has emerged, 
based on new principles. A detailed classification of the means 
themselves, developed at the previous stages of the 
development of science, is preserved, but occupies an 
auxiliary, and not the main position. The main stylistic 
opposition becomes the opposition between the norm and 
deviation from the norm, or, using the term proposed by 
Yu.M. Skrebnev, between traditionally denoting and 
situationally denoting. 
Having established in the definition of stylistics that it 
deals with the effect of the choice and use of linguistic means 
in different communication conditions, we thereby assumed 
the possibility of such a choice, i.e. the existence of 
synonymy, as a result of which it is possible to convey 
approximately the same message by different means, and it 
turns out that a change in the choice of means has a