Republic of uzbekistan tashkent institute of irrigation engineers and agriculture mechanizations

Fig. 5. Diagram of a survey of foreign tourists who took decision to travel along the "Great Silk Road"
Source: WTO-Marketing
It is also widely believed among experts that urban residents are the main consumers of agritourism services.
2.2. Rationale for the choice and situational analysis of the data of the Jizzakh region as an object of research

Jizzakh region is located in the central part of the Republic of Uzbekistan between the Syrdarya and Zerafshan rivers, bordered in the north, north-east with the Republic of Kazakhstan and Syrdarya region, in the southeast with the Republic of Tajikistan, in the west and southwest with Navoi and Samarkand regions. The territory of the region is 21.2 thousand square meters. km, or 4.8% of the territory of Uzbekistan. Currently, the region includes 12 administrative districts: Arnasai, Bakhmal, Gallaaral, Jizzakh, Dustlik, Zaamin, Zarbdar, Zafarabad, Mirzachul, Pakhtakor, Farish and Yangibad, the administrative center is the city of Jizzakh.

Due to its geographical location, climatic conditions and natural wealth Jizzakh region is considered one of the special regions of the country. Territory the region is characterized by a variety of natural landscapes, unique exotic elements of relief and climate. According to its natural and climatic conditions, the region belongs to zone of sharply continental climate, summers are hot, dry, winters are relatively mild. Average temperature in January - + 1C, + 4C, in July + 26C, + 28C
precipitation, the growing season lasts 240-260 days, relative humidity is 78-80 %, in summer - 20-40%.
On the slope of the Turkestan mountain range, which has a unique ecosystem, is located Zaamin National Park. Two nature reserves play an important role in the ecology of the region, four forestry, one forest experimental station, Aydar-Arnasay lake system.
The largest of them, with an area of ​​almost 12 thousand hectares, is located in the south of Jizzakh region, in the Zaamin district. There are all opportunities for the development of ecological tourism. Many ancient settlements in the region became famous thanks to the Greek chroniclers who described the campaign of Alexander the Great to Asia. Chroniclers especially mention the cities of Kirapol (modern Zaamin) and Gazo. Perhaps Gazo is the ancient Jizzakh.
Thanks to the waters of the Sanzar River, irrigated agriculture and handicrafts flourished in this area, which contributed to the emergence of ancient cities here. Huge influence on the development of life oasis provided a trade route through Ustrushana, connecting the East with the West, where the agriculture and handicraft, trade in woolen fabrics and clothing, silk, jewelry and metal products, Ustrushan jade.
There are 11 hotels with 428 beds in the region: Among them: "N&J", "BEK", "GrandRoyal", Uzbekistan, Comfort Continent, Nur, Buston (Bungalov) and Minor. Also for guests the region provides its services by the complex "Sangzor".
Zaamin district was created on September 29, 1926 as part of the Samarkand region is currently part of the Jizzakh region. The regional center is the town of Zaamin.
Zaamin district differs from other districts by its unique nature. Northern and the eastern territories are flat, the southern territory is hilly and mountainous. Ascent from the extreme northern part of the district to the extreme southern part is 2200 meters (from 300 meters to 2500 meters above sea level). The climate is sharply continental, i.e. summer is hot dry, and winter very cold. Annual precipitation is 260-300 millimeters. Growing season (the period of the year during which normal plant growth and development are possible) is 240 days. More than 50 organizations and institutions, 23 associations operate in the Zaamin district water users. In addition, Zaamin forestry with an area of ​​41,757 hectares, Zaamin National Park with an area of ​​27902 hectares, incl. forested area is 16828 hectares. There is a security zone, but not approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic Uzbekistan. In the east, the territory of the park borders on the Republic of Tajikistan.
Zaamin Nature Reserve with an area of ​​8,933 hectares is also located on the territory of the region in this mountainous, forest area there are such recreation places as the Zaamin sanatorium, Zaamin branch of the Association of Tourists of Uzbekistan, 2 boarding houses (moved to a private own).
The reserve and the National Park, which are located in the Zaamin district, are area covers an area of ​​20 thousand hectares. Their natural features are unique in their landscapes and temperature characteristics.
The surrounding arid foothills are dotted with canyons. Along the banks of rivers and streams tugai grew - floodplain thickets of silver poplar, weeping willows and dzhida. Above, behind the village of Dugoba, a mountain forest is already beginning, but not coniferous, but nut and fruit. And on approaches to the Sufa pass, at an altitude of 1700 to 2500 meters, juniper forests, turning into high-grass alpine meadows. In Zaamin, juniper trees reach a height of 10 meters, which means that their age can range from 120 to 800 years. In the Jizzakh region until now many single relict junipers up to 2500 thousand years old have survived. Here they are guarded as local attractions. The fauna of the reserve is diverse: hares, foxes, snow leopards, porcupines, wolves, wild boars, bears, Turkestan lynxes, black storks, chukots, ulars (mountain turkeys).
In the Zaamin district, in contrast to neighboring districts, the population is dominated by ethnic Kyrgyz, who began to lead a sedentary lifestyle here since the time of their existence Kokand Khanate. A nomadic tribe, like the south of Kyrgyzstan, belonging to the Pamir-Alai mountain system with a very similar climate, vegetation and landscapes, preserved the traditional way of life, native language, national school. They are employed in mainly grazing sheep in the highlands, horse breeding, raising cereals on man-made terraces on the mountain slopes. The recreational resources available in the area allow the development of various types tourism and receive guests all year round. As a result, Zaamin district is capable of
to offer a wide range of services for lovers of cultural, educational and active recreation. In the presence of tour operators (subjects of tourism activities), development routes for various types and categories of tourism, it is possible to create a new an attractive tourist product in the region and area. And if, when creating a new tourist product to use all the tourist resources of the area, it is possible to create in the following directions:
active tourism: (trekking and hiking in high mountains), speleotourism,
combined tourism (organic combinations of various types of active tourism in within one route), amateur (sports) tourism, fishing and hunting;
Ecological tourism (ecotourism): (for example, adventure travel), where the motivation for tourists are the natural environment or its individual elements: landscapes, natural monuments, certain types of plants or animals, or their combination.
Health tourism (recreational): used in health tourism purposes, as well as for the prevention of various diseases;
cultural tourism (cognitive): visiting historical, cultural, geographical attractions;
folklore and ethnographic tourism: visiting guest houses and craft centers, monuments of folk architecture, museums, places of worship, acquaintance with the local folklore, national characteristics, local crafts, etc.
In addition, the Jizzakh region has an ancient history. Family-owned businesses are often vital to customer experience and satisfaction, while at the same time developing tourism destinations and local communities. [11] Family businesses in tourism gain a significant portion of the family fortune held by the company, and their lack of complete management knowledge helps them in the challenging business environment in terms of funding and market entry. [12] The experience of the European Union, as well as the experience of other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, shows that SMEs are an important factor in promoting regional and local socio-economic development [13].
The figure below shows an analysis of the activities of organizations engaged in tourism activities in Uzbekistan from 2005-2016.