Rise and Fall of an Information Technology Outsourcing Program: a qualitative Analysis of a Troubled Corporate Initiative
The strategic staffing program’s long, long road to abilene
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Rise and Fall of an Information Technology Outsourcing Program A
The strategic staffing program’s long, long road to abilene.
Richard, Donald, and the SSP Working Team provided monthly updates at the CIO Staff Meeting. Executives spent considerable time providing feedback on SSP’s incremental progress. Whether it was the collaboration and flawless execution elements of the Icarus habitus, or the political maneuverings between Richard, Brenda, and their peers, executives seemed unclear who the decision makers (over SSP’s direction) were. Even what decisions needed to be made was vague at times: “We spend a lot of time making sure, almost to a fault, reviewing and re-reviewing each incremental step of the way . . . In many cases, that transparency I think [is] not as important as the amount of time as what we’re spending” (Executive, personal communication, August 4, 2013). Donald also reflected on the amount of time spent making, or trying to make, decisions during this time period: There was a lot of brainstorming that went on in the early days. One was “Let’s just get a handle on what is the problem we’re trying to solve and why is it an important for us to solve now.” I would tell you, though, in those early days, we didn’t really have a perspective that it was going to take us two years to get to the point that we are now. I think back then I thought we would be able to accomplish in about a year. It just seemed like we ought to be able to get enough people on the bandwagon to say this is a really important thing for us to execute against the organizational change around it. I did not anticipate how tough that was going to be. (Donald, personal communication, March 21, 2013) Receiving feedback was much easier than actually getting executive alignment and making decisions on how to continue with SSP. In general, executives agreed that the capacity problem was something that needed to be solved, but getting all the executives on the SSP bandwagon or 130 building consensus on how to proceed was an early and perennial challenge for Donald and Richard. Donald’s recollections of SSP’s protracted progress revealed the underlying resistance to SSP by some executives. Furthermore, the fact that the quasi-debate lasted two years highlights executive’s failure to “manage agreement,” in Harvey’s (1988) parlance, that many executives had doubts about their trip to Abilene. The CIO Staff Meetings appeared to lack any strategic planning arc. While there was a cadence for operational decisions, my experiences and those of the executives interviewed highlight the disconnectedness and unclear decision making that was prevalent in these sessions. In practice, they were a stage for showcasing rising stars and executives’ token debates. The absence of a clear direction or consensus on actions to be taken enabled a passive approval among the executives to continue with SSP. This behavior is part of the Icarus habitus where executives “reserved the right to disagree later” when they disagreed with their peers. Brenda described the impact this conduct had on the early decisions made at the CIO Staff Meeting as: It was a year of trying to get our legs underneath us, trying to get everybody organized around what would a [SSP] pilot look like, how many people would it be, what areas of impacts would there be. The definitional work felt to me, from an outsider’s perspective, [meaning from outside of Richard’s and Donald’s Working Team] like it was a good solid year plus of activity to make it happen. My recollection and it’s purely that, as a recollection, it’s a decision that originally gets made passively. We talk about it [managed services partnerships] and somebody [Richard] volunteers to go investigate it, and everybody says, “Makes sense. Let’s go and investigate it.”… We did not update on a weekly basis, I would say kind of quarterly at best. It took a good solid year. In terms of who makes the decision [to outsource Supply Chain 131 Development], there’s a little bit of a decision rights that comes in to this, and this is a challenge we’ve got in IT right now is our decision rights are not clear. This is one great example, and there’re many great examples that are like this where there are conflicting perspectives among direct reports of the CIO. It is unclear who makes the call... I would say momentum made the call on this one. As it [SSP] started to come together it coincided with the time that we were putting a lot of energy, strategically, into the same space; into the [Supply Chain]. The questions started popping at that point. “Is this still the right thing to do? Is this still the right thing to take one of our most strategic partnerships now, and let that be managed by somebody else?” That’s where I think we just ended up with momentum ruling. (Brenda, personal communication, August 29, 2013) As presented in Chapter Six, the executive team agreed on the capacity problem; they were not aligned on outsourcing Supply Chain software development. By the time the executive team designated Supply Chain as non-differentiated per the Global Staffing Model, there were already signs of its dramatically increased strategic nature. Executives’ faked consensus contributed to what Jackall (2010) termed their “looking up and looking around” behavior. Knowing their peers may withdraw any (real or perceived) support for SPP at a later time, they looked for social cues on which way the political winds were blowing and “acted” out front stage performances accordingly. As Harvey suggested, executives may have misperceived the “collective reality” (1988) that their peers held serious doubts about SSP’s viability. Executives publicly went along with a decision that many privately disagreed with and considered was counter to the group’s best interests This failure to manage their agreement on their reservations about SSP provided 132 enough momentum and did not restrict SSP’s path forward. Many of the CIO’s vice presidents essentially held their peace and reserved their right to have an opinion as SSP unfolded— Richard’s peers were lying in wait for a future opportunity to challenge SSP. Therefore, instead of propelling SSP forward, the staff meeting became a quasi-tollbooth on SSP’s road to Abilene, making the trip both protracted in addition to being ill advised from its onset. In addition to being passive, the CIO Staff Meeting decision-making rituals also took considerable amounts of time and preparation resources. As expected within the Icarus habitus, updates were over-rehearsed performances, and the Working Team performed the yeomen’s work to prepare for these updates. They gathered information, conducted analysis, and then presented that material to executives in advance of the CIO Staff Meeting. All these presentations and decision-making exercises were encumbered with the socializing, statusing, meeting before the meeting, and flawless execution elements of the Icarus habitus. The taxonomy also influenced this decision-making ritual: The struggle with it [SSP decision making] is it was committee driven at lower levels [i.e. the SSP Working Team], it was brought up to higher levels, feedback was given, committee goes away, they do some more analysis, they come back . . . I think at the end of the day . . . and this is me looking into the decision making process; I have no idea if this is true . . . Somebody must have said we’ve got to make a call. I’m guessing somebody just got fed up. (Executive, personal communication, July 23, 2013) Although they were rising stars within the IT department, Donald and the Working Team did not have the same level of backstage access to all of the contexts or political sensitivities of each of the IT vice presidents. Therefore it was important to get the support, or cultural capital (Bourdieu, 1983/1986), of as many vice presidents in advance of these meeting. Some vice 133 presidents were sought out for their direct support, or possibly their ability to neutralize a threat or resistance from an opposing vice president during the staff meeting. To try and best prepare for the decision-making sessions at the CIO Staff Meeting, Donald and the Working Team members would go through multiple revisions and rounds of socializing with some of the vice presidents before the actual staff meeting. As expected, these culturally acceptable and necessary meetings-before-the-meetings, or seemingly endless quests for cultural capital, added additional overhead to SSP’s already protracted decision making progress. Download 1.05 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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