The adjective. Types of adj. Degrees of comparison

3.The ing-form (the gerund and participle I)
Blokh: The GERUND is the non-finite form of the verb which combines the properties of the verb with those of the noun. The GERUND serves as the verbal name of a process, but its substantive quality is more strongly pronounced than that of the infinitive а the GERUND can be modified by a noun in the possessive case or its pronominal equivalents and it can be used with prepositions.
The GERUND cannot perform the function of the paradigmatic verbal head-form for a number of reasons:

1. 
   It is more detached from the finite verb than the INFINITIVE semantically, tending to be a far more substantival unit categorially.
   
2. 
   As different from the INFINITIVE, it does not join in the conjugation of the finite verb.
   
3. 
   It is a suffixial form, which makes it less generalized than the infinitive in terms of properties of the verbal lexeme.
   
4. 
   It is less definite than the INFINITIVE form the lexico-grammatical point of view, being subject to easy neutralization in its opposition with the verbal noun in -ing, as well as with the present participle.
   -> The GERUND is not rival of the INFINITIVE in the paradigmatic head-form function.
   

The general combinability of the GERUND is dual, sharing some features with the verb, and some features with the noun:

1. 
   The VERB-type combinability of the GERUND is displayed in its combining:
   a. with nouns expressing the object of the action
   b. with modifying adverbs
   c. with certain semi-functional predicator verbs (non-modal)
   

2. 
   The NOUN-type combinability of the GERUND:
   a. with finite notional verbs as the object of the action
   b. with finite notional verbs as the prepositional adjunct (приложение, дополнение, определение) of various functions
   c. with finite notional verbs as the subject of the action
   d. with nouns as the prepositional adjunct of various functions.