Text type and translation
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tion its author or authors wish(ed) to be assigned to it on the basis of the specific
text configuration features. Due to the intention (understood as purpose, aim
or motivation for verbal communication) verbalized
by an author in his text,
this text (as an information offer, 3.) is assigned a general communicative
function which, in turn, determines its status within a culture community.
12.2 Text function
Drawing on Bühler’s ([1934]1990: 35) organon model, in which representa
tion, expression and appeal are presented as the three basic functions of a
linguistic sign, we propose three basic functions of texts which are determined
by the author’s communicative intention (Reiß [1971]2000, 1976a, 1978b)
and which we have used as a basis for the classification of three different
text types. However, it does not make sense to apply Bühler’s
model of
sign functions directly to entire texts. On the one hand, some scholars have
identified additional functions, such as the phatic and the poetic function (cf.
Jakobson), which, as far as we can see, seem to operate at a different level;
on the other hand, texts are more than (and different from) just the sum of
individual signs. What is valid for a sign of a lower level, e.g. a word, cannot
simply be transferred to signs of a higher level (e.g. a text); similarly, we have
to distinguish between word, sentence and text semantics, which have both
similar and distinctive features.
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