Unit 1 Nouns- otlar: singular nouns- birlik otlar plural

There are three books on the desk. They are history books. - partada uchta kitob bor. Ular tarix kitoblari.


Some/any/no – gumon olmoshlari
* Biz some, any va no larni sanalmaydigan otlar bilan ishlatamiz (sugar- shakar, bread – non) va sanaladigan otlarning ko’pligida ishlatamiz (pens – ruchkalar, cars – moshinalar).
Some bread – ma’lum miqdorda non
Some cherries – bir nechta olchalar
Some, any- bir qancha, bir nechta, ma’lum miqdorda deb tarjima qilinadi.
* Some ni biz darak gaplarda ishlatamiz:
I’ve got some money. – Menda bir qancha pul bor.
* Biz any ni so’roq gaplarda ishlatamiz va not any ni inkor gaplarda ishlatamiz:
Have you got any money? - Sizda bir qancha pul bormi?
No, I haven’t got any money. – yo’q manda xech qancha pul yo’q.
* Biz no ni not any ni o’rniga inkor gapda ishlatishimiz mumkin.
I haven’t got any money. = I have got no money. – Menda hech qancha pul yo’q.
Note – bilib qo’ying.
Biz some ni so’roq gaplarda biron bir narsani taklif qilganimizda, yoki biron bir narsani so’raganimizda ishlatishimiz ham mumkin.
Would you like some coffee? (taklif) – kofe ichishni hoxlaysizmi?
Can I have some coffee, please? (murojat/iltimos) – kofe ichsam bo’ladimi, iltimos? = menga kofe berib yubora olasizmi?
1. Somebody/someone (shaxs), something (narsa), somewhere (biror bir joyda).
There is somebody at the door. – Eshikni oldida kimdir bor.
I want to go somewhere tonight. – Men biron bir joyga borishni hoxlayman bugun kechki payt.
2. Anybody/anyone, anything va anywhere larni biz so’roq va inkor gaplarda ishlatamiz:
Is there anything on the table? – Stolning ustida biron bir narsa bormi?
There isn’t anything on the table. – Stolning ustida hech narsa yo’q.