SARVARBEK QUZIYEV
GRAMMAR BOOK
For applicants
FARG’ONA 2018
CONTENT
L ESSON 1
PRONOUNS (OLMOSHLAR)
Olmosh deb - ot, sifat va son o’rnida almashinib keladigan so’z turkumiga aytiladi.
KISHILIK OLMOSHLARI
Kishilik olmoshlari (Personal Pronouns) ikki kelishikka ega, bosh (nominative) va obyektive (objective) kelishiklar. Bosh kelishikdagi olmoshlar ega va kesim vazifalarida qo‘llanadi va o’zbek tiliga bosh kelishik holida tarjima qilinadi.
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Birlik
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Ko’plik
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I shaxs
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I - men
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We - biz
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II shaxs
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You - sen
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You - siz
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III shaxs
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He
She - u
It
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They - ular
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My name is Jasur. I am a student. (Mening ismim Jasur. Mentalabaman.)
My friend’s name is Sultan. He is not a student. (Do‘stimning ismi Sulton. Utalaba emas.)
This is my sister. She is a dentist. (Bu mening singlim. Utish shifokori.)
That is a book. It is a text-book. (Anavi kitob. U darslik.)
My family is large. We are five. (Mening oilam katta. Biz besh kishimiz.)
Do you speak English? (Sizinglizcha gaplashasizmi?)
My parents are not at home now. They are in Italy. (Ota-onam hozir uyda emas. Ular Italiyada.)
Obyekt kelishigidagi kishilik olmoshlari to‘ldiruvchi va hol vazifalarida ishlatiladi va o’zbek tiliga tushum, jo’nalish va chiqish kelishiklari bilan tarjima qilinadi.
.
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Birlik
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Ko’plik
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I shaxs
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me -meni, menga, mendan
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Us -bizni, bizga, bizdan
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II shaxs
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You –seni, senga, sendan
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You -sizni, sizga, sizdan
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III shaxs
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Him
Her –uni, unga, undan
It
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Them-ularni, ularga, ulardan
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He met me/us at the railway station. (U meni/bizni temiryo‘l bekatida kutib oldi.)
The teacher helped me/us to translate the text. (O‘qituvchi menga/bizga matnni tarjima qilishda yordam berdi.)
A man asked me/usthe way to the station. (Bir kishi mendan/bizdan temiryo‘l bekatiga boradigan yo‘lni so‘radi.)
Do you know him/them? (Siz uni/ularni bilasizmi?)
Please, write him/thema letter. (Iltimos, unga/ularga xat yozing.)
EGALIK OLMOSHLARI
Kishilik olmoshlarining (Possessive Pronouns) har biri o‘zining egalik olmoshiga ega. Egalik olmoshlarining ikki shakli bor. Birinchisi qaratqich shakli bo‘lib gapda aniqlovchi vazifasida doim otga birikib keladi. Ikkinchisi egalik shakli bo‘lib, gapboshida yoki oxirida otlar o‘rnida ishlatiladi.
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Birlik
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Ko’plik
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I shaxs
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my -mening
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Our -bizning
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II shaxs
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Your –sening
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Your -sizning
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III shaxs
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His
Her –uning
Its
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Their-ularning
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My brother is an teacher. His name is Nodir.
Meningakam o’qituvchi. Uningismi Nodir.
Shirin is not at home, she is at her aunt’s.
Shirin uyda emas, u xolasinikida.
Tohir washed his face and put on his glasses.
Tohir yuzini yuvdi va ko‘zoynagini taqdi.
This word is not clear to me. I don’t know its meaning.
Bu so‘z menga tushunarli emas. Men uning ma’nosini bilmayman.
These people are from England and their language is English.
Bu odamlar Angliyalik va ularning tili inglizcha.
Biz ...own so’zi bilan doimo olmoshning qaratqich shakli bilan ishlatamiz. Bunda ish harakat bajaruvchining shaxsan o’zi tomonidan bajarilganini bildiradi. My/your/his/her/its/our/your/their own
I don’t want to share with anyone. I want my own room.
(Men hech kim bilan bo’lishishni xohlamayman. Mening shaxsiy uyin bo’lishini xohlayman)
Ann always cuts her own hair.
(Ann sochini doimo o’zi qirqadi.)
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