60-odd years of moscow mathematical
part in the same way, etc
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Moscow olympiad problems
part in the same way, etc. What are points on the surface of the pie should one stick a candle into so that it were impossible to get a piece of pie with the candle? (Cf. Problem 55.9.3.) 55.10.3 (AG). A white chip is placed in the bottom left corner of an m × n rectangular board, a black one is placed in the top right corner. Two players move their chips in turn along the horizontals or verticals 1 cell per move; the white can only move to the right or upwards. The white begins. The winner is the one who places his (her) chip on the cell occupied by the other player. Who can ensure the success: the white or the black? 55.10.4 (To). What is the least number of weights in the set that can be divided into either 4, 5, or 6 piles of equal mass? (Cf. Problem 55.8.4.) 55.10.5 (SG). Consider a convex centrally symmetric polygon. Prove that a rhombus of half the poly- gon’s area can be placed inside the polygon. 55.10.6 (To). Each face of a convex polyhedron is a polygon with an even number of sides. Is it always possible to paint the edges of the polyhedron 2 colors so that each face has equal numbers of differently colored edges? Grade 11 55.11.1 (To). It is required to place numbers into each cell of a n × n square table so that the sum of the numbers on each of 4n − 2 diagonals were equal to 1. Is it possible to do this for (a) n = 55; (b) n = 1992? OLYMPIAD 56 (1993) 137 55.11.2 (Ku). Find the angles of a convex quadrilateral ABCD in which ∠BAC = 30 ◦ , ∠ACD = 40 ◦ , ∠ADB = 50 ◦ , ∠CBD = 60 ◦ and ∠ABC + ∠ADC > 180 ◦ . 55.11.3 (Sk). Aladdin visited every point of equator moving sometimes to the west, sometimes to the east and sometimes being instantaneously transported by genies to the diametrically opposite point on the Earth. Prove that there was a period of time during which the difference of distances moved by Aladdin to the west and to the east was not less than half the length of equator. 55.11.4 (Sp). Inside a tetrahedron a triangle is placed whose projections to the faces of tetrahedron are of area P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , respectively. Prove that a) in a regular tetrahedron P 1 ≤ P 2 + P 3 + P 4 ; b) if S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 are the areas of the corresponding faces of tetrahedron, then P 1 S 1 ≤ P 2 S 2 + P 3 S 3 + P 4 S 4 . 55.11.5 (To). Is it always possible to paint the edges of a convex polyhedron two colors so that for each face the number of edges painted one color would differ from the number of edges painted the other color by not more than 1? 55.11.6 (Se). A calculator can compare log a b and log c d, where a, b, c, d > 1. It works according to the following rules: if b > a and d > c the calculator passes to comparing log a b a with log c d c ; if b < a and d < c the calculator passes to comparing log c d with log b a; if (b − a)(d − c) ≤ 0 it prints the answer. a) Show how the calculator compares log 25 75 with log 65 260. b) Prove that the calculator can compare two nonequal logarithms after finitely many steps. Olympiad 56 1 (1993) Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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