60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
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2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 ten sums are composed each having as summands two of these numbers. Denote the sums by a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a 10 ; we do not know what summands constitute them. Prove that given a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a 10 , one can find x 1 , x 2 , . . . , x 5 . 25.2.8.5. Two circles, O 1 and O 2 , intersect at M and P . Denote by M A the chord of O 1 tangent to O 2 at M , and by M B the chord of O 2 tangent to O 1 at M . On line M P , segment P H equal to M P is constructed. Prove that quadrilateral M AHB can be inscribed in a circle. (See Fig. 48.) 1 The words in italics are added to the original formulation to make the problem correct. OLYMPIAD 26 (1963) 73 Grade 9 25.2.9.1. During every period of 7 consecutive days throughout the school year a student must solve exactly 25 problems. The time required to solve any (one) problem does not vary during a day but does vary during the year according to a Rule known to the student. This time is always less than 45 minutes. The student wants to spend as little time as possible on solving all problems. Prove that to this end (s)he can choose a certain day every week and solve all 25 problems during this day. Remark. We disregard here the fact that unless the student is looking for trouble at school and at home (s)he can be engaged in solving the problems only on Sundays, for about 18 hours in a row. 25.2.9.2. See Problem 25.2.8.2, where 25 arbitrary different numbers replace 1, 2, . . . , 1962. 25.2.9.3. The sides of a convex polygon whose perimeter is equal to 12 are moved a distance of d = 1 outward and their extensions form a new polygon. Prove that the area of the new polygon is at least 15 square units greater than the area of the original polygon. 25.2.9.4. See Problem 25.2.8.4. 25.2.9.5. Given 2 n finite sequences of 0’s and 1’s such that none of them is the beginning of another, prove that the sum of the lengths of these sequences is not less than n2 n . Grade 10 25.2.10.1. A point C is fixed on a given straight line l passing through the center O of a given circle. Points A and A 0 lie on the circle on one side of l, so that the angles formed by lines AC and A 0 C with l are equal. Lines AA 0 and l meet at B. Prove that the location of B does not depend on that of A. (See Fig. 49.) Figure 49. (Probl. 25.2.10.1) Figure 50. (Probl. 25.2.10.4) 25.2.10.2. See Problem 25.2.9.2. 25.2.10.3. See Problem 25.2.9.3. 25.2.10.4. How should a right parallelepiped be placed in space so that the area of its projections to the horizontal plane is the greatest possible? (See Fig. 50.) 25.2.10.5. In a chess tournament, each participant played one game with each other. Prove that the participants may be so numbered, that none of them loses to the one with the next number. Olympiad 26 (1963) Tour 26.1 Grade 7 26.1.7.1. From vertex B of an arbitrary 4ABC, straight lines BM and BN are drawn outside the triangle so that ∠ABM = ∠CBN . Points A 0 and C Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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