60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
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are symmetric to A and C through BM and BN , respectively. Prove that AC 0 = A 0 C. (See Fig. 51.) 26.1.7.2. Let a, b, c be three numbers such that a + b + c = 0. Prove that ab + bc + ca ≤ 0. 74 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 Figure 51. (Probl. 26.1.7.1) 26.1.7.3. We have a 4 × 100 sheet of graph paper. The Rule allows to divide it into 200 rectangular cards of size 1 × 2 each consisting of 2 cells of the paper and write 1 on one cell of the card and −1 on the other. Is it possible to ensure that the products of the numbers in each column and each row of the table obtained are positive? (Cf. Problem 26.1.8.5 below.) 26.1.7.4. See Problem 26.1.8.4 below. 26.1.7.5. Is it possible to draw a straight line on a 20×30 piece of graph paper so that it would intersect 50 squares? (Cf. Problem 26.1.10.3 below.) Grade 8 26.1.8.1. Let a 1 , . . . , a n be numbers such that a 1 + a 2 + · · · + a n = 0. Let S be the sum of all products a i a j for i 6= j. Prove that S ≤ 0. (Cf. Problem 26.1.7.2.) 26.1.8.2. Given a convex quadrilateral ABCD of area S, a point M inside it and points E, F , G, H symmetric to M through the midpoints of the sides of the quadrilateral ABCD, respectively, find the area of quadrilateral EF GH. (See Fig. 52.) Figure 52. (Probl. 26.1.8.2) Figure 53. (Probl. 26.1.9.5) 26.1.8.3. Solve in integers the equation xy z + xz y + yz x = 3. 26.1.8.4. Given 7 lines on a plane, no two of which are parallel, prove that two of them meet at an angle < 26 ◦ . 26.1.8.5. A 5 × n piece of graph paper is divided into rectangular 1 × 2 cards of two cells of the paper each. We write a 1 on one cell of the card and a −1 on the other cell. It is known that the product of the numbers in each row and each column of the resulting table is positive. For which n this is possible? (Cf. Problem 26.17.3.) Grade 9 26.1.9.1. The first term and the difference of an arithmetic progression are integers. Prove that there exists a term in this progression whose decimal expression contains figure 9. OLYMPIAD 26 (1963) 75 26.1.9.2. See Problem 26.1.8.5. 26.1.9.3. Let a, b, c be some positive numbers. Prove that a b + c + b a + c + c a + b ≥ 3 2 . 26.1.9.4. Prove that of any four points on a plane, no three of which are on the same line, three points may be selected so that the triangle with vertices at these points has at least one angle ≤ 45 ◦ . (Cf. Problem 26.1.10.2 below.) 26.1.9.5. Is it possible to inscribe in a rectangle with the ratio of sides 9 : 16 another rectangle, with the ratio of sides 4 : 7, so that on each side of the first rectangle there is a vertex of the second one? (See Fig. 53.) Grade 10 26.1.10.1. See Problem 26.1.9.1. 26.1.10.2. Prove that of any six points in a plane, no three of which are on the same line, three points may be chosen so that the triangle with vertices at these points has at least one angle that is not greater than 30 Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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