60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
n+1
= a n−1 a n + 1 for n = 1, 2, . . . . Prove that a 1964 is not divisible by 4. Grade 8 27.1.8.1. See Problem 27.1.7.1. 27.1.8.2. Find all positive integers n such that (n − 1)! is not divisible by n 2 . 27.1.8.3. Solve in integers for unknowns x, y and z: r x + q x + · · · + √ x = z (y-many square roots). 27.1.8.4. See Problem 27.1.9.4 a) below. 27.1.8.5. Take the sums of digits of all numbers from 1 to 1 000 000. Next, take the sums of digits of the numbers obtained, etc., until you get 1 000 000 one-digit numbers. Which number is more numerous among them: 1 or 2? Grade 9 27.1.9.1. Solve the system in positive numbers: x y = z, y z = x, z x = y. 27.1.9.2. Prove that the product of two consecutive positive integers is not a power of any integer. 27.1.9.3. Given that a − k 3 .. . 27 − k for any integer k, except k = 27, find a. 78 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 27.1.9.4. a) Prove that if all angles of a hexagon are equal, then its sides satisfy the following relations: a 1 − a 4 = a 5 − a 2 = a 3 − a 6 . b) Prove that if the lengths of segments a 1 , . . . , a 6 satisfy the above relations, then one can construct from them an equiangular hexagon. 27.1.9.5. In quadrilateral ABCD, We drop perpendiculars from vertices A and C to diagonal BD, and from vertices B and D, to AC. Let M , N , P , Q be the bases of the perpendiculars. Prove that quadrilaterals ABCD and M N P Q are similar. (See Fig. 55.) Figure 55. (Probl. 27.1.9.5) Figure 56. (Probl. 27.2.7.1) Grades 10 − 11 27.1.10-11.1. A number N is a perfect square and does not end with a zero. After erasing its two last digits, one gets another perfect square. Find the greatest N with this property. 27.1.10-11.2. See Problem 27.1.8.3. 27.1.10-11.3. It is known that for any integer k 6= 27 the number a − k 1964 is divisible by 27 − k. Find a. (Cf. Problem 27.1.9.3.) 27.1.10-11.4. See Problem 27.1.8.4. 27.1.10-11.5. What is the least number of nonintersecting tetrahedrons into which a cube can be divided? Tour 27.2 Grade 7 27.2.7.1. We select an arbitrary point B on segment AC. Segments AB, BC, and AC are diameters of circles T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively. Consider a straight line through B; let it intersect T 3 at P and Q, and let it intersect T 1 and T 2 at R and S, respectively. Prove that P R = QS. (See Fig. 56.) 27.2.7.2. 2n persons attanded a party. Everyone was acquainted with at least n guests. Prove that it is possible to select 4 of the guests and seat them at a round table so that each sits next to his or her acquaintances. 27.2.7.3. 102 points, no three of which are on the same straight line, are chosen in a square with side 1. Prove that there exists a triangle with vertices at these points and of area less than 1 100 . 27.2.7.4. Through opposite vertices A and C of quadrilateral ABCD a circle is drawn intersecting AB, Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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