Accounting for Managers
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Accounting for Managers
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- Pattern Recognition
Accounting for Managers
136 tion ratio. Identify a cost driver for the primary activities. Collect information about cost driver usage for cost objects. Take that data and calculate the budgeted cost per unit of the cost driver for each activity. Now, you can allocate costs to cost objects. Cost objects in ABC can include product lines, individual products, customers, or distribution channels. As with other cost accounting techniques, include any activity you want to man- age. Each technique just deals differently with identification, processing, and impact. To complete the process, add together all of the costs for activities in a pool. Select a single cost driver for the pool. The best choice is the one that is simplest to measure but returns consistent results. Calculate a cost rate by dividing the cost by the cost driver use. Recognize that cost drivers can take several forms: • transaction drivers—How often does the activity occur? • duration drivers—How long does the activity last? • intensity drivers—How complex is the activity? Pattern Recognition Establishing an ABC system is an outside-the-box exercise. Identifying and assigning costs to an activity like acquiring new clients can cover a broad range of departments within a company.The goal, remember, is to assign costs to the target activity from wherever sources. Some activities are more closely associated with these objects, such as the business development department, for example. These are the primary activities. You may want to combine several activities when assigning costs to products. Combining simplifies the system and usually makes little dif- ference in the final cost of objects.The goal is to combine only activi- ties that will result in little difference in final cost, both currently and over time.This means that the activities have consumption ratios in similar proportions by products, both now and in the future. There is one caveat. Consumption ratios tell us mathematically whether it will make a difference to combine activities based on a sam- pling of allocations at a point in time.The usage pattern may change over time.We need to look at factors that will assure us that these patterns will hold stable or revisit our assumptions on a regular basis. Webster07.qxd 8/29/2003 10:22 AM Page 136 |
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