Accounting for Managers
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Accounting for Managers
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- Prime costs
- Irrelevant costs
- Accounting for Managers 108
Engineered costs Costs that have a definitive, physical relationship
to a selected measure of activity. Financing cost Cost of interest paid on cash to support the organi- zation. Period costs Costs that are not product costs. All selling and admin- istrative costs are typically considered to be period costs. Period costs are expensed on the income statement in the time period in which they are incurred. Prime costs All direct materials and direct labor costs. Product costs Direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.They appear as the cost of goods sold on the income state- ment. Relevant costs Costs that would no longer be incurred if a specific activity were to cease, costs that differ for alternatives being consid- ered.They are also known as incremental or differential costs. Irrelevant costs Costs that would not be affected by a decision between or among alternatives that would change relevant costs. Sunk costs Costs that cannot be recovered because they occurred in the past and have no effect on decision making. Webster06.qxd 8/29/2003 5:48 PM Page 107 Accounting for Managers 108 overhead costs can influence financial reporting. Net income is a major example we’ll look at a bit later. When costs are considered as part of the production process, we see that prime cost equals direct materials plus direct labor (PC = DM + DL). Product cost is direct (raw) mate- rial cost plus conversion cost. Recall that conversion cost is direct labor plus production overhead. Total cost is product cost plus all the administrative, selling, and distribution overhead involved plus any financing cost. Under a cost/profit center arrangement, managers catego- rize costs by administrative units. They can look at factory departments like production or production services depart- ments. Administrative departments might break out into per- sonnel, accounting, security, and so forth or be lumped together as administrative overhead. Some other common operational subdivisions, depending on the nature of the business, Download 3.03 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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