English Grammar: a resource Book for Students
Nouns lacking a singular form
Download 1.74 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
English Grammar- A Resource Book for Students
8.3 Nouns lacking a singular form
So far, we have focused on the distinction between class A nouns (count) and class B nouns (mass). However, it was noted at the beginning of the chapter that there is also a subcategory of nouns (class C) that lacks a singular form, clothes being a member thereof. Nouns of this type can be further divided into a number of subclasses according to the nature of the motivation. As far as ailments such as measles, mumps, shingles, hives, and haemorrhoids are concerned, the motivation for the inherently plural character of the corresponding nouns is obvious. This is also true of words such as pants, braces, scissors, shears, binoculars, tweezers, clippers, tongs, goggles, spectacles, glasses, and so on, though the motivation for the inherent plurality of these forms has not always been recognised. Gleason (1961: 224), for example, writes: . . . by a convention of English, pants is plural. Interestingly enough, this is not an isolated case; compare trousers, breeches, shorts, slacks, etc. This whole group of words are grammatically plural with no evident semantic justification. It is interesting to speculate about the factors that led Gleason to make this surprising observation, since it cannot have escaped his notice that a prominent feature of these objects is that they consist of two identical parts. Gleason’s comment presumably derives from the fact that a pair of trousers is a unitary object, so that in one sense there is no obvious reason why the language should treat such a garment differently from any other unitary object, particularly when other items of clothing such as coats and shirts, which also possess two identical parts, are designated by count nouns. Certainly there are many languages that use ordinary count nouns to refer to a pair of trousers (pantalon in French, Hose in German). Again, however, this clearly does not mean that the use of a plural noun is unmotivated, nor that the distinction between trousers on the one hand and coat or shirt on the other is arbitrary. After all, the sleeves of coats and shirts do not constitute as great a proportion of the whole garment as do the legs of a pair of trousers. What is missing, then, from Gleason’s way of thinking about these examples are the notions of foregrounding, construal, and motivation. Download 1.74 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling