Hamkorlik masalalari” mavzusidagi Xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari

2- Transformation of Turkestan into S.S.C.B 
“In the Russian Declaration of Human Rights written by Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin on 
November 2, 1917, all nations living in Russia are equal; that the peoples oppressed by tsarism 
had the right to self-determination; abolition of all national and religious privileges and 
restrictions; It has been clearly stated that opportunities for all minorities and ethnic groups to 
develop their own cultures should be provided. With this principle, the right of Soviet citizens to 
receive education in their mother tongue is guaranteed. This principle of equality became a 
founding principle in the early years of the Soviet Union. Also in the 1918 Constitution: The 
Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic grants equal rights to all its citizens regardless of 
race or nationality. On this basis, it declares that the establishment of superiority or privileges 
among citizens, any oppression of national minorities, or any restriction of equality rights will 
constitute a violation of the Constitution of the Republic. (1918 Soviet Constitution, Article 22)” 
(Aydın, 2019:139-140) 

---

364 
However, this article has remained so-called. It turned out that this was nothing but 
empty promises without distracting the people of Turkistan. In 1924, Uzbekistan became the 
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic in 1926. 
“This policy has ultimately turned Russia into a common prison for a Russian noble class 
that holds all the economic means, especially the land, and the Turks, whose culture and 
nationality are despised, groaning under its domination.” (Gündüz, 2005:2) 
3- Changing the Alphabets 
Turks have used the Arabic alphabet since the 10th century, when they accepted Islam. 
Although the shortcomings of this alphabet were constantly mentioned, the XIX. until the first 
quarter of the century. At that time, Ottoman intellectuals easily got along with their Turkistani 
cognates, and they wrote their rich literary works with these letters. The Soviet regime in order 
to strike a blow to Turkish culture, to bring them closer to the Russians; They have attempted to 
replace their mother tongues with local dialects in Turkish communities under their 
administration, especially in Turkish lands such as Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and 
Kyrgyzstan. The fact that they continued to use the Arabic alphabet was considered a major 
obstacle to the assimilation policy of the Russians.