Ingliz tiliga o’zbek tillarida bosh bo`laklarning ifodalanishi

It was necessary to filt in anform at the door and gives it to a military policeman.
(G.Greux)
What was necessary? To fill in a form be military policeman was necessary.
Keyingi misol bilan ham xuddi shu kabi transformatsiya ususlidan foydalanamiz.
“It is easy to be threethfull at twen try (D. Lessing) what is easy
To be truthfull at twerty is easy”.
Keyingi semantik birikmalar bilan berilgan misol uchun “for” predlogi yordamida berilgan infinitiv ega ham atytib o’tilgan uslubida ekanligiga ishonch hosil qilamiz va “for - to” infinitiv yordamida berilgan ega deb hisoblanadi. Masalan:
“It was impossible for the men to get home”. (R.Albington) what was impossible to get home was impossible for the men.
Demak, infinitivning otlik xususiyatini namoyon bo’lib, ega vazifasida bemalol qo’llay olish imkoniga egamiz.
Infinitiv fe’lining uchta Grammatik kategoriyasiga ega bo’lib, vaqtga ta’luqlilik, tur nisbatlar bo’lib hisoblanadi. Gerundiyning esa fe’ldan paydo bo’lgan ot shaklida son, fe’llik shaklida vaqtga ta’lluqlilik nisbat kategoriyasi, ot, sifat, holda sifatlar va predlogli oborotlar bilan birikadi, ot holda artikl oladi, fe’l holda esa yo’q. Infinitivli va gerundiyli egalar yakuniy qilib aytganda “It is pleasant speaking with him” va “It was difficult to work” shaklida berilganda egalik xususiyati yaqqol ko’rinadi, va o’ziga xos transformatsiya usullari bilan tahlil qilinadi, natijada nima? So’roq olmoshiga va “It” birlikdagi olmosh ifodalanishiga ega ekanligini kelib chiqib o’z isbotini topdi.
Ifodalar emas, balki “To” yuklamasiga asoslangan ega vazifasida qo’llanuvchi infinitiv bosh kelishikdan paydo bo’ladigan deb hisoblanadi. Qadimgi ingliz tili (VIII-X asrlar) ga infinitiv ikki turli kelishik bosh kelishik va kelishiklarini ifodalangan.
Bosh kelishik: drincan
to drink

janalish kelishik: drincenne

Infinitiv shaklining jo’nalish kelishikdagi formasi “To” predlogi bilan anglashilgan maqsad va yo’nalish ma’nosi bergan. Masalan: