Physiotherapy in stomatology
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Physiotherapy in stomatology (1)
2. Electrophoresis - the method of medicine introduction into the organism tissues by means of the constant electric current.
Depending on the preparations introduction place, the following ways are distinguished: dental, gingival, intranasal electrophoresis, ionic (galvanic) "collar" by Scherbak. This method is based on ability of complex substances to dissociate to ions (+ and -) in solvent, which allows the charged particles to enter into tissues, while solution is on the electrode. Ions with the same polarity as the electrode are entered. Electrophoresis allows reducing to minimum the collateral action of the medicamentis, as only the necessary components are entered into tissues. 2-6 % solutions of medicaments are recommended to apply for electrophoresis. Another advantage of electrophoresis is that it is possible to enter medicaments into tissues, inaccessible for other ways. Particulary: into enamel, tooth pulp, periodontium, when root canals are impassable, into deep layers of parodont tissues. Electrophoresis is spent by galvanic devices "Поток-1", "Поток-4", “ГР-2”, “ГЭ-5-03”, which have two electrodes - active and passive. The device doses the current force, influence time, and it is also possible to choose the active electrode polarity, depending on the medicament. The passive electrode is always fixed on the patient’s forearm. The lining is moistened by water or isotonic solution of sodium chloride. The active electrode, which is usually smaller, than the passive one, is placed depending on the procedure purpose: at caries prevention it is placed on the tooth surface, at treatment of periodontitis - in root canals or on the gingiva, at treatment of parodontitis - on gingiva. The electrode is wound by a bandage, which is moistened by the necessary medicament. Force of the current is established individually, but no more then 0,1-0,3mА on 1 sm 2 of the active electrode. Duration of the sessions is 10-20 minutes, quantity of sessions 10-12 times. Depending on polarity of the medical product, necessary for the treatment, it is introducing either from positive “+”, or negative “-” poles. For example, tetracaine - “+”, КI: Iodine - “-“, potassium - “+”, Lidaza - “+”, Fluorine (NaF) - “-”, Ascorbic acid - “-”, Heparin - “-”, enzymes - from both poles. Contra-indications of galvanising and electrophoresis are: - acute inflammatory purulent processes, without outflow possibility - malignant tumors - disorders of heart activity - the brain vessels sclerosis - epilepsy - acute diseases of the skin - toxic conditions - susceptibility to bleeding - individual intolerance to preparations or electric current |
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