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2. “
-gacha” ma’nosida
until (till) predlogi ishlatiladi.
Until (till) predlogi biror vaziyatning qancha
vaqt davom etishini ifodalaydi:
Shall we go now? No, we shall wait until (till) it stops raining. Hozir
ketamizmi? Yo’q, biz yomg’ir to’xtaguncha kutamiz.
3. UNTIL va
BY predloglarini qiyoslaganimizda shu ma’lum bo’ladiki.
Until predlogi biror ish-
harakatning belgilangan vaqtgacha aniq davom etishi va aynan belgilangan vaqtda tugashini bildiradi.
BY esa biror ish-harakatning belgilangan vaqtdan oldin ham tugab qolishini, eng kechi bilan belgilangan
vaqtda tugashini biladiradi:
Tom will be away until Monday. Tom Dushanbagacha safarda bo’ladi (u
aynan Dushanba kuni qaytadi, undan oldin qaytmaydi). Tom will be back by Monday. Tom
Dushanbagacha qaytib keladi. (u Dushanbadan oldin qaytib kelishi ham mumkin).
4. BY predlogi quyidagi vaqtni ifodalovchi so’zlar bilan kelib birikmalar hosil qiladi:
by the time –
vaqtgacha, paytgacha,
by then – ungacha, o’shangacha,
by that time – o’sha paytgacha:
Anvar finally
arrived at the party at midnight. But by then (or by that time) most of the guests had left. Anvar va
nihoyat yarim kechasi ziyofatga yetib keldi. Lekin ungacha mehmonlarning ko’pchiligi ketib qolgan edi.
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