The Present simple tense
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tayyori 2003
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- THE ADJECTIVE (sifat) 1.Shaxs yoki
- Big – bigger – biggest
- Than
- The +qiyosiy daraja+ The+qiyosiy daraja;
- Orttirma darajasi
- Sifatlarda so’z tatibi (adjectives word orded) 14) Ko’pincha bir nechta sifatlar uyushib kelishi mumkin. Tom lives in a nice new
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Last week I had 1) an accident in 2) Italy. I was skiing in Alps. One day I was going too fast down a mountain, when I crashed into 4) tree. I broke both my legs and cut my arm.There was so much 5) blood, I had to be rushed to 6) . hospital in 7) ambulance. When I got there, 8) doctor told me that I would have to stay there for at least two weeks. I was very depressed. All I wanted to do was go 9) home. THE ADJECTIVE (sifat) 1.Shaxs yoki buyimning belgisini bildiradigan so’zlar sifat deayiladi. Sifatlar faqat daraja bo’yicha o’zgarishi mumkin long-uzun longer-uzunroq, the longest-eng uzun 2.Eng ko’p tarqalgan old qo’shimchalar (prefiks):
3.Eng ko’p tarqalgan ort qo’shimchalar (suffiks):
Degrees of adjective (sifat darajalari) Ingiliz tilida sifatning uchta darajasi mavjud. 1. The positive degree (oddiy daraja). 2. The Comparative degree (qiyosiy daraja). 3. The Superlative degree (orttirma daraja). Oddiy darajada odatda sifatlarga hech qandady qo’shimcha qo’shilmaydi. 1) Agar sifat bir bo’g’inlik bo’lsa uni qiyosiy darajasini yasashda unga –er qo’shimchasini qo’shish bilan, orttirma darajasini yasahda esa undan oldin the artikli va unga –est qo’shimchasini qo’shish bilan yasaladi.
2) Agar sifat ko’p bo’g’inli bo’lsa ya’ni ikki,uch va undan ko’p bo’g’inli bo’lsa sifatlarning qiyosiy darajasi oldiga more, orttirma darajasi sifatning oldiga the most so’zlarini qo’yish bilan yasaladi:
This is the shortest way to the station- bu stansiyaga eng yaqin yo’l. This is the most interesting story in this book – bu ushbu kitobdagi eng qiziqarli hikoya. 3)Quyidagi darajalari yuqoridagi qoidaga bo’ysunmasdan o’zakdan o’zgaradi:
I found him in the farthest (furthest) corner of the park- men uni bog’ning eng uzoq burchagidan topdim. 4) Agar sifat qisqa unlidan keyin bitta undosh bilan tugagan bo’lsa,qiyosiy va orttirma darajalarining qo’shimchasi qo’shilganda oxirgi undosh ikkilanadi: Big – bigger – biggest -katta Hot – hotter – hottest -issiq Thin – thinner – thinnest -ozg’in Wet –wetter – wettest -nam 5) Quyidagi so’zlar doimo sifatning qiyosiy darajasini talab qiluvchi so’zlar hisoblanadi ya’ni signal so’zlardir: Than-qaraganda, a bit-biroz, a few-biroz,bir nechta, a little-bir qancha,biroz, even-hattoki, much-ko’p,any…more-bir qancha, far…er-uzoq,or-yoki, but-ammo;a lot-ancha He is taller than you – u sizga qaraganda balandroq / It is much cheaper here than there-bu uyerdagiga nisbatan arzonroq. 6)Quyidagi so’zlar doimo sifatning orttirma darajasini talab qiluvchi so’zlar ya’ni signal so’zlardir: Of all-hammaning ichida, in, in the world-dunyoda, in the team-jamoada, in the class-sinfda, among, between, one of the, … of my life, … of the year. … -dan biri, by far-eng, Present Perfect ( have ever seen)-ko’rganlarim ichida. 7) Sifatlarda bundan tashqari Tenglik va Tengsizlik darajalari ham mavjud. Tenglik darajasi as….as bilan, Tengsizlik darajasi esa, not so….as yoki not as….as lar bilan ifodalanadi. Ularning o’tasida doimo oddiy darajadagi sifatlar keladi. As oddiy d-ja as not so oddiy d-ja as M-n: Kate is as clever as Jane. Mike is not so rich as Alfred. 8) Quyidagi birikmalardan so’ng sifatning oddiy darajasi qo’llaniladi, ya’ni twice as … as, three times as … as Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago. Shuningdek quyidagi birikmalarda ham yani, the same as – huddi dek kabi, o’xshash; Tom is is the same age as George. Ann’s salary is the same as mine. 9) Shuningdek quyidagilardan keyin sifatning oddiy darajasi keladi; very, so, too, extremely, almost, Biz quyidagi iborani biron bir ish harakatni yoki narsani taqqoslaganimizda ishlatamiz. 10) “qancha-shuncha” formulasi - The +qiyosiy daraja+ The+qiyosiy daraja; m-n, sooner we arrive, the earlier we finish it. (qancha ertaroq yetib kelsak biz shuncha uni ertaroq tugatamiz) 11) Quyidagi birikmalar borki ikkita qiyosiy daraja and bog’lovchisi bilan bog’lanib gapda borgan sari, kun sayin, deb tarjima qilinadi. It’s becoming harder and harder to find job. 12)Old-eski uning qiyosiy darajasi older; I am older than you. Orttirmasi esa the oldest; That house over there is the oldest building in the town. Elder-to’ng’ich, katta odatda bu tub sifat hisoblanadi buning oddiy darajasi yo’q. My elder brother is a pilot. Orttirma darajasi esa eldest bo’ladi. His eldest son is 20 years old -ed va -ing bilan tugovchi sifatlar 13) -ed bilan tugovchi sifatlar -gan, -kan, -qan, tarjimasini beradi. Odatda bu shaxslar uchun. 14) -ing bilan tugovchi sifatlar esa li tarjimasini beradi. Bu esa shaxs va narsaning qandayligini ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Jane is bored because her job is boring
Sifatlarda so’z tatibi (adjectives word orded) 14) Ko’pincha bir nechta sifatlar uyushib kelishi mumkin. Tom lives in a nice new house. Bir nechta sifatlar uyushib kelganda birinchi kelayotgan sifat fikr sifati keyingilari fakt sifati hisoblanadi. A nice sunny day. Fakt sifatlari odatda quyidagi tartibda keladi.
A tall young man ( 1-2), An old white cotton shirt ( 2-3-5). 15) biz ,shuningdek, quyidagi fe’llardan so’ng sifatdan foydalanamiz: be/ get/ become/ feel/ smeel/ taste/ sound/ seem/ look. Be careful!-hushyor bo’ling! Ali looked sad-Ali xafa ko’rindi. Lekin” look at “bo’lsa,ravish keladi. Ali looked at me sadly-Ali menga ma’yuslik bilan qaradi . Download 1.48 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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