The renaissance analzye the influence of humanism on the visual arts in the italian renaissance

Jan Van Eyck

• Arnolfini and His Wife

Peter Brueghel

• Focused on Ordinary People
• Peasant Dance, Peasant Wedding, etc.

Hans Holbein

• Premier Portrait Painter
• Henry VIII

Fugger Family

• Patron of Northern Renaissance
• Banking

RENAISSANCE WOMEN

• Wealthy Women

• Access to Education
• Ornaments to their husbands
• Women were to be pleasing to the man
• Sexual Double standard

• Christine de Pisan

• Chronicled the accomplishments of great women in history
• Women’s survival guide

• Isabella d’Este

• Set example to NOT be an ornament
• Patron of the arts
• Founded school for young women

• Marriage

• Based on economic considerations
• Dowries
• Earlier marriages
• Foundling Hospitals

Divorce

• Divorce

• Very limited

• Important Rulers

• Isabella I of Spain
• Mary Tudor of England
• Elizabeth I of England
• Catherine de Medicis of France

NEW MONARCHS

• Reduced the power of the Nobles

• Hired Mercenary armies

• Reduced the power of the clergy

• Created efficient bureaucracies

• Increased power of bourgeoisie

• Towns gained power

FRANCE

• Louis XI the Spider King

• Used Diplomacy
• Large Royal army
• Destroyed Nobles
• Increased Taxes
• Encouraged economic growth (mercantilism)

• Francis I

• Concordat of Bologna
• Monarch appoints Bishops (Gallican Church)
• Taille – Tax on all property and land

ENGLAND

• War of the Roses

• Houses of York vs. Lancaster
• War between Nobles
• Henry VII removes Richard III and starts the Tudor Dynasty

• Henry VII

• Reduced power of Nobles thru Star Chamber
• Used diplomacy

SPAIN

• Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile

• Unify Spain
• Catholic
• Reconquista
• Columbus
• Spanish Inquisition

Holy Roman Empire

• The Hapsburg Empire

• Consisted of 300 autonomous German States
• Emperor did not have centralized control
• The Golden Bull

• Charles V

• Most powerful ruler in 16th century
• Austrian Hapsburg and Spanish Empire
• Sacked Rome ending Renaissance
• Tried to stop the Protestant Reformation

AGE OF EXPLORATION

• DESCRIBE AND ANALYZE HOW OVERSEAS EXPANSION BY EUROPEAN STATES AFFECTED GLOBAL TRADE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS FROM 1600 TO 1715

• Rise in New Monarchs led to competition

• Renaissance led more knowledge and adventure

ADVANCES IN LEARNING & TECHNOLOGY

• Cartography

• Astronomy

• Compass

• Quadrant – latitude

• Astrolabe – latitude

• Caravel

• Rudder

• Weapons

PORTUGAL

• All water route to Asia

• Prince Henry the Navigator

• Vasco da Gama

• Brazil

SPANISH EXPLORATION

• Gold, Glory and the Gospel

• Columbus

• Bartolomew de las Casas

• Amerigo Vespucci

• Treaty of Tordesillas

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Conquistadores

OLD IMPERIALISM

• Mercantilism

• Encomienda System

• Mestizos

• Creoles

• Jesuits

• Asiento

COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

• Increased in population leads to more consumers

• Price revolution

• Long slow upward trend in prices
• Increase in food prices
• Increase in volume of money
• Increase in supply of goods
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