Towards a General Theory of Translational Action : Skopos Theory Explained
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Towards a General Theory of Translational Action Skopos Theory Explained by Katharina Reiss, Hans J Vermeer (z-lib.org) (2)
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- 1.5 Other definitions
1.4 Summary
According to the above definition, interpreting means producing, immediately, a translatum that must be regarded as final. Translating means to produce a translatum that is considered potentially temporary. This is, again, a dynamic definition: the decisive criterion is not what some- thing is, but what can happen to it. Katharina Reiß and Hans J. Vermeer 13 1.5 Other definitions (1) Like the German nominalized verb Übersetzen, translating is sometimes used as a generic term for any kind of translational action: Übersetzen / translating = translational action (cf. the bibliographical references in Reiß [1971]2000: 6, and Hornung et al. 1974: 13). In this case, translating can have two meanings: translating 1 = transla- tional action; translating 2 = translating as opposed to interpreting in the sense of the definitions given above (or similar). (2) In view of modern methods for producing and reproducing texts, we shall not adopt the traditional but still rather popular simplification that translating implies that both source and target texts have been preserved in written form, whereas interpreting deals with texts presented in oral form. This traditional view is reflected in Störig’s definition: The oral process of interpreting can be distinguished from the written form of translating. �nless documented in minutes or recorded on tape, the interpreter’s rendering is ephemeral and transient, whereas that of the translator is fixed and permanent. 8 In translating, however, the most common method for fixing a text is still to write it down. This is also reflected in the definition suggested by Reiß (1971: 14), 9 which is influenced by Störig: When we speak of translation criticism in this book, we are not refer- ring to the ‘broad’ concept of translating, which includes all kinds of text transfer from one language into another, but to written ‘translation’ via a text fixed in writing ‘from one natural language into another’, a process which can be repeated as often as desired. 10 (Emphasis by the author) We shall not use the words “from one natural language into another [sc. nat- ural language]”, which Reiß adopted from Delavenay (199: 13). Instead, we 8 Der mündliche Prozeß des Dolmetschens unterscheidet sich vom schriftlichen des Über- setzens: Die Leistung des Dolmetschers (soweit sie nicht durch Protokoll oder Tonband festgehalten wird) ist flüchtig, vergänglich, die des Übersetzers wird fixiert und bewahrt. (Störig 1963: �V) 1963: �V) 9 Translated from the German original because the published translation, Reiß [1971]2000: 6, omits the details the authors are emphasizing in the context of this book. ((Translator’s note) 10 Wenn wir im folgenden von Übersetzungskritik sprechen, meinen wir also nicht den “weiteren” Begriff von Übersetzen, der jegliches Übersetzen von einer in die andere Sprache weiteren” Begriff von Übersetzen, der jegliches Übersetzen von einer in die andere Sprache ” Begriff von Übersetzen, der jegliches Übersetzen von einer in die andere Sprache Begriff von Übersetzen, der jegliches Übersetzen von einer in die andere Sprache umfaßt, sondern die (beliebig oft wiederholbare) schriftliche “Übersetzung” eines schriftlich fixierten Textes “aus einer natürlichen Sprache in eine andere.” (Reiß 1971: 14) “aus einer natürlichen Sprache in eine andere.” (Reiß 1971: 14) aus einer natürlichen Sprache in eine andere.” (Reiß 1971: 14) ” (Reiß 1971: 14) (Reiß 1971: 14) |
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