Towards a General Theory of Translational Action : Skopos Theory Explained
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Towards a General Theory of Translational Action Skopos Theory Explained by Katharina Reiss, Hans J Vermeer (z-lib.org) (2)
dann gnade ihm Gott! / Gott sei ihm gnädig! (in English: God have mercy on
him! / God help him!). (18) si yo digo que ‘el sol sale por Oriente’ lo que mis palabras […] propiamente dicen es que un ente de sexo varonil y capaz de actos espontáneos – lo llamado ‘sol’ – ejecuta la acción de ‘salir’. (Ortega (Ortega y Gasset 1957: 65) if I say that el sol [the sun, masculine] sale [comes out or rises] por oriente [in the East], what my words […] are actually saying is that an entity of the masculine sex, capable of spontaneous actions – the socalled sun – executes the action of ‘coming out’. (Trans. Elizabeth (Trans. Elizabeth Gamble Miller, in Ortega y Gasset 1992: 105) (18a) wenn ich sage, daß ‘die Sonne im Osten aufgeht’, so sagen meine Worte […] nach ihrem eigentlichen Sinn, daß ein Wesen männlichen Geschlechts [Anm. d. Übers: im Spanischen] und spontaner Hand lungen fähig – der sogenannte ‘Sol’ – die Handlung des ‘Aufgehens’ ausführt. (Trans. Kilpper, in Ortega y Gasset 1957: 65) (18b) wenn ich sage: ‘die Sonne geht im Orient auf’, dann besagen meine Worte […] eigentlich, daß ein Wesen weiblichen Geschlechts und spontaner Akte fähig – das, was wir ‘Sonne’ nennen –, die Hand lung des ‘Aufgehens’ […] vollzieht. (Trans. Reiß, in Ortega y Gasset (Trans. Reiß, in Ortega y Gasset 1976: 52�) Kilpper’s rather literal translation (18a) says that the sun is a ‘male’, which would seem strange to German readers for whom the word sun (‘die Sonne’) Katharina Reiß and Hans J. Vermeer 149 has feminine gender. Therefore, he explains in a note that this refers to Span ish. This translation can be regarded as an aid for comprehension, whereas Reiß (18b) has chosen a communicative translation. If the aim is a communicative translation of this passage, the following should be taken into account: communicative equivalence requires that the targettext reader recognize not only content and form but also the function of individual text elements (the highestranking equivalence requirement). On the one hand, the target text should belong to the genre ‘essay’; in this respect, the metalinguistic note in (18a) is not in line with the style of an aesthetically composed, intellectually demanding essay, turning it into a scholarly article. On the other hand, the target recipients should be able to grasp the sense of the text as if it had been written for them in the target language. As mentioned above, for the German reader it is rather strange that the author talks about the sun as a ‘male’ creature because, in German, the word for sun has a feminine gender (die Sonne), and personification would turn it into a female being (the sun is sometimes called mother sun in German). Providing additional infor mation (about the Spanish language), the translator’s note diverts the reader’s attention from the real function of this text element. Thus, the sense of the text is distorted. A further aspect should be taken into account: in GrecoRoman mythology, the sun plays an important role as a male being. However, the function of the passage in question in this particular part of this particular text is not a reference to mythological ideas. Rather, it is intended to provide a linguistic example to support Ortega y Gasset’s argument that languages today no longer say what they mean because they originated at a time when people still had different concepts, e.g. when they believed that the sun, the moon, the stars, fire, etc. were living creatures of a particular sex. Therefore, Download 1.78 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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