Zamon shakllari

Shall I give you a hand with those bags? – Ana u sumkalarga yordamlashib yuboraymi? ( = Do you want me to give you a hand with those bags?)

3. Shall we …? – bu formula biror narsa qilishni taklif sifatida o’rtaga tashlaganda (suggestion) ishlatiladi. Bunda o’sha ishni birgalikda bajarish nazarda tutiladi. O’zbek tiliga shunday qilmaymizmi? deb tarjima qilish mumkin. E’tibor bering, ingliz tilidagi gapda not ishlatilmaydi, lekin o’zbek tiliga to’g’ri tarjima bo’lishi uchun biz “… qilmaymizmi?” shaklida inkor gapda tarjima qilamiz.

Shall we wait until the rain stops? – Yomg’ir to’xtagunicha kutmaymizmi? ( = Why don’t we wait until the rain stops?)

4. Shall I/we … ? – kimdandir maslahat, taklif yoki ko’rsatmalar so’rash uchun. Bunday gaplarni o’zbek tiliga “nima qilay/nima qil deysiz/nimani maslahat berasiz/shunday qilaymi?” tarzida tarjima qilish mumkin.

‘What shall I do with all these letters?’ ‘Put them on my desk.’ – “Bu hamma xatlarni nima qilay?” “Ularni mening stolimga qo’ying.” ( = What do you want me to do with all these letters?)

5. Why don’t we …? – bu formula ham Shall we …? formulasi bilan bir xil manoda ishlatiladi. O’zbek tiliga “shunday qilsakchi, nima uchun shunday qilmas ekanmiz, shunday qilishimizga nima to’sqinlik qiladi?” deb tarjima qilish mumkin.

Why don’t we go to the library this afternoon? – Bugun tushdan keyin kutubxonaga borsakchi? (nima uchun bormas ekanmiz, borishimizga nima to’sqinlik qiladi?)

Eslatma:

Quyidagi bog’lovchilar ishtirok etgan gaplarda kelasi oddiy zamon (will) ishlatilmaydi. O’rniga present simple – hozirgi oddiy zamon yoki present perfect – hozirgi tugallangan zamondan foydalanamiz.

while-…gan paytda/davomida before-…dan oldin
until-…guncha, maguncha as soon as-bilanoq
after-…dan keyin if-agar
by the time- …gan paytgacha

+ future simple
LEKIN

when bog’lovchi (…gan paytda – at the time) sifatida time word emas, qachon – at what time? degan ma’noda so’roq so’z – question word bo’lib kelgan gaplarda future simple ishlatsa bo’ladi.

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as-…gan paytda/davomida when-…gan paytda

I’ll wait until you finish/have finished. (NOT: … until you will finish.) – Siz tugatmaguningizcha/tugatib bo’lmaguningizcha kutib turaman.

I’ll make a phone call while I wait for you. (NOT: …while I’ll wait for you.) – Sizni kutib turgan paytimda qo’ng’iroq qilaman.

John will fix the tap as soon as he comes back home from work. (NOT: … as soon as he will come back…) – Jo’n ishdan qaytishi bilanoq jo’mrakni tuzatib qo’yadi.

I won’t do anything until you are ready. (NOT: …until you’ll be ready.) – Siz tayyor bo’lmaguningizcha hech harsa qilmayman.