Accounting for Managers
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Accounting for Managers
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- Quick Ratio: “Acid Test”
- Financial Ratios 69
Liquidity Ratios
Liquidity ratios (or solvency ratios) include the current ratio, the quick ratio, and net working capital. Current Ratio This is the standard measure of any business’s financial health. The current ratio measures the ability of the firm to pay its cur- rent bills. You derive this ratio from the figures on your balance sheet. It tells whether a company has enough assets to cover its liabilities. current ratio = current assets current liabilities Current assets include cash, accounts receivable, mar- ketable securities, inventory, and any prepaid expenses like insurance or taxes. Current liabilities include accounts payable, current interest due on long-term debt, like taxes payable and salaries payable. Generally, the higher the current ratio, the greater the safety margin between current obligations and the ability to pay them. The benchmark current ratio is 2:1. Quick Ratio: “Acid Test” The quick ratio is similar to the current ratio, but it’s a tougher measure of liquidity than the current ratio, because it excludes inventories. Inventories typically take time to convert to ready cash. Thus, most analysts find them illiquid, not a cash equivalent. Financial Ratios 69 Webster04.qxd 8/29/2003 5:39 PM Page 69 (There’s some question about how the “acid test” derived its name. Majority opinion holds it stems from the practice of prov- ing precious metals through chemical analysis. Others, more fanciful, say it grew from the practice of discouraging defaulters by throwing acid on them.) quick ratio = (current assets – inventory) current liabilities Generally, the quick ratio should be lower than the current ratio, because the inventory figure drops from the calculation. A higher ratio correlates to a higher level of liquidity. This usually corresponds to better financial health. The quick ratio also indi- cates whether a business could pay off its debts quickly, if nec- essary. The desired quick ratio is at least 1:1. A lower ratio flags questions about whether the firm can continue to meet its out- standing obligations. Download 3.03 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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