Andijon davlat univyersiteti

Anabiotik - qishda yoki yozgi quruq davrda o’simliklariing tinim holati bilan 
bogliq bo’lgan 
Regeneratsion - novdalarning qayta barg chiqarishini, yangi novdalar 
rivojlanishini ta’minlovchi 
Populyatsion - populyatsiyalarning yosh holatlari polimorfizmiga bog’liq 
bo’lgan 
Fitotsenotik - fitotsenozning gazlar kirishiga to’sqinlik qiluvchi vertikal va 
gorizontal bo’yicha bir xilda emasligi munosabati bilan ahamiyatga ega bo’lgan 
Mustaqil ta’lim uchun mavzular: 
Atmosferada kislorodning aylanishida o’simliklarning roli 
O’simliklar rivojlanishida karbanat angridining roli 
Biosferada karbana angridning o’simliklarga ta’siri va aylanishi 
Shamol ekologik omillarning o’simliklarga ta’siri 
Shamol eroziyasi va uning o’simliklarga ta’siri. 

---

126 
 
Keyslar banki 
Keys 3. Atmosfera havosining ekologik ahamiyati. Atmosfera muhit sifatida. 
Uglevod aylanishi. Atmosferada gaz balansi. Kislorod. Atmosfera o’zgaruvchan 
komponentlarining ekologik ahamiyati. Havoning fizik va boshqa ayrim 
xossalarining ekologik ahamiyatini o’rganadi. 
Keysni bajarish bosqichlari va topshiriqlar: 
Keysdagi muammoni keltirib chiqargan asosiy sabablarni belgilang 
(individual va kichik guruhda). 
Atmosfera havosining ekologik ahamiyati imkoniyatlaridan kelib chiqib bir 
nechta usulda dastur kodini taqdim eting (individual holda).
 
VII-BOB. TUPROQ EKOLOGIK OMILLARI 
 
Tayanch so’zlar: pedosfera, psammofit, metofit, kalsefil, kalsefob, nitrofil, 
oligotrof, mezotrof, eutrof, galofit.
Soil Acidification and Forest Damage 
Ecosystems do not seem to be able to avoid loss of cations. Even in natural 
ecosystems, without management and with a high density of roots, organic acids 
(DOC) are released which causes relocation of cations into deepyer layyers. In 
these, microorganisms metabolise the organic substances, leading to secondary 
accumulation of cations (see Fig. 3.3.14). This process is known from the boreal 
zone as podsolisation (Schacht- schabel et al. 1998; Brady and Weil 2004) and 
occurred in Scandinavia, for example, during the first settlement aftyer the land 
rose and was evident even aftyer only 400 years (Starr 1991). It is often assumed 
that othyer vegetation, particularly in the tropics, is so well adapted to the poor 
nutrient conditions that cation losses can be ignored. Howevyer, Chadwick et al. 
(1999) have shown that the same processes occur also in tropical climates. Similar 
cation losses to those in boreal zones wyere shown for vegetation on lava flows of 
diffyerent ages (Fig. 3.5.1; Chadwick et al. 1999). As soon as the first critical step 

---

127 
of weathyering is finished (aftyer 10,000 years), the system stabilises at a smallyer 
minyeral concentration. It has not been explained whethyer this is, in fact, a state 
of equilibrium or a consequence of disturbances occurring stochastically. 
Strong acids may accelyerate natural processes causing cation loss,