Bobomurodova Mohira Oliy o’quv yurtlariga kiruvchilar uchun qo’llanma
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1-topshiriq: Berilgan qo’shimchalarning qaysilari shakldosh qo’shimchalar
hisoblanadi?Misollar keltiring. -ma:___________________________________________________________ -chi: ___________________________________________________________ -ch:____________________________________________________________ -dor:___________________________________________________________ - siz:___________________________________________________________ -lik:___________________________________________________________ -oq: ___________________________________________________________ -k:_____________________________________________________________ -ki:____________________________________________________________ -chak: _________________________________________________________ -la: ____________________________________________________________ -cha: ___________________________________________________________ -ar: ____________________________________________________________ -xon: ____________________________________________________________ -i: ______________________________________________________________ -ay:______________________________________________________________ -sh: _____________________________________________________________ -ish: _____________________________________________________________ -m:______________________________________________________________ -ng:_____________________________________________________________ -ing:____________________________________________________________ be-:_____________________________________________________________ -don:_____________________________________________________________ 2-topshiriq: Davom ettiring. So’z yasovchi Lug’aviy shakl hosil qiluvchi Sintaktik shakl hosil qiluvchi Sana(fe’l)-to’la(sifat) ko’kish(sifat)-borish(fe’l) otam(ot)-o’qidim(fe’l) __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Ma’nodosh qo’shimchalar.Ba’zan ma’lum bir so’z yasash ma’nosini ifodalash uchun birdan ortiq qo’shimchalardan foydalnishga to’g’ri keladi.-li qo’shimchasi o’rniga-kor, -dor, bo-, ba-, ser- qo’shimchalarini qo’llash mumkin. Masalan: itoatli-itoatkor, shirali shirador, savlatli-basavlat, sutli-sersut, obro’li- boobro’; adabiyotchi-adabiyotshunos, aravachi- aravakash, g’allachi-g’allakor; hayosiz-behayo, o’rinsiz-noo’rin. Lekin hamma holatlarda ham bu kabi ma’nodoshlik kuzatilmaydi.Masalan: nodavlat tashkilotlar deyish o’rniga bedavlat tashkilotlari deyilsa, uslubiy g’alizlik yuzaga keladi. Demak, qo’shimchalardagi 26 ma’nodoshlik nutqning muayyan davrdagi me’yorlari asosida yuzaga keladigan til hodisasi sanaladi. Zid ma’noli qo’shimchalar. Nutqni ta’sirchan, ravon bo’lib chiqishida zid ma’noli qo’shimchalardan foydalanishning ahamiyati katta. Masalan: aqlli-aqlsiz, iboli-beibo, o’rinli-noo’rin; ser-: sero’t-o’tsiz, serbaraka-bebaraka; boxabar- xabarsiz, boobro’-beobro’; guldor-gulsiz, aybdor-beayb. Eslatma: Zid ma’noli qo’shimchalar,asosan, sifat so’z turkumida ishlatiladi. Zid ma’noli qo’shimchalarni 2 guruhga bo’lish mumkin: biror belgi xususiyatga ,shakl- shamoyilga yoki rang-tusga egalikni bildiruvchi qo’shimchalar(-li, bo-, ser-, ba-, - dor); shunday belgiga ega emaslikni bildiruvchi qo’shimchalar(-siz, be-, no- ).Masalan: badavlat- davlatsiz, shirador-beshira, shirasiz, sero’t-o’tsiz, baobro’- beobro’, obro’siz, ko’ngilli- ko’ngilsiz. So’z tarkibida tartib. So’zning ma’noli qismlari ma’lum tartibga ega. Ularning joylashuvi quyidagicha bo’ladi: asos+so’z yasovchi+lug’aviy shakl yasovchi+sintaktik shakl yasovchi.Masalan: kitob-xon-lar-ning. Eslatma: Ba’zan bu tartib buzilishi mumkin,ya’ni lug’viy shakl yasovchi so’z yasovchidan oldin kelishi mumkin: isi-t-ma. Download 5.01 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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