Country Background Report – Denmark
Table 2.8 Share of students in segregated special needs education, 2010-2012
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10932 OECD Country Background Report Denmark
Table 2.8 Share of students in segregated special needs education, 2010-2012
2010 2011 2012 2013 All students 5.8 5.4 5.3 4.8 Boys 8.0 7.5 7.2 Girls 3.4 3.2 3.0 Note: Only municipal schools are included. There is a data break between 2011 and 2012, as legislative change was implemented in the Folkeskole Act defining special needs education more explicitly compared to previously, narrowing the definition to activities in special schools, special classes and normal classes when the student attends at least nine hours of special needs education per week. Source: (The Ministry of Education 2014d) and www.uddannelsesstatistik.dk . The segregation percentage is still more than twice as high for boys compared to girls. The degree of segregation also relates to the socio-economic background of the students. 14 per cent of the students from homes with parents having only compulsory education at Folkeskole level are excluded compared to 2 per cent of the students from homes with parents with long-term tertiary education (The Ministry of Education 2014d). 49 2. Municipal level 1. National level 3. School level Overall objectives and framework conditions. Preparation and implementation of legislation Responsible for the Folkeskoles of the Municipality. Determining local objectives and framework conditions Adm. and pedagogical responsibility Determining principles for operating the school Plan and conduct teaching, assessments cooperate with students and parents Receive education and cooperate with the school Political level Administrative level Municipal councils Municipal school admini- stration School board School management Parlia- ment/ Govern- ment Ministry of Education Teachers Students (and parents) Responsibilities 2.4 Education environment and the distribution of responsibilities within the school system The Danish Folkeskole is embedded in a governance system consisting of three levels or layers – the state, the municipalities and the schools. The interrelation between these three layers points to a complex system of governance, in which the national lev- el governs at a distance through common objectives, standardisation of procedures and processes of evaluations and requirements as to documentation of the performance of each school (Normann Andersen 2007). This system of governance rests on a delicate balance, which also shifts over time, between local autonomy and central authority (Normann Andersen 2007, Simola et al. 2011). The national level creates spaces for local and school level autonomy (activity level of basic education and the curriculum) but within nationally specified frames and guidelines. The municipal board is respon- sible for providing every child in the municipality a free education in the Folkeskole. Each school is responsible for ensuring the quality of the education in accordance with the aims of the Folkeskole. Within the schools, students and parents are to work to- gether with the school in order to live up to the aims of the Folkeskole. The figure below illustrates the three layers – and two additional sub-layers at the school level, that of teachers and students (and their parents). From the national level, there are no earmarked funds distributed to primary and lower secondary education, see Chapter 4. The national funds are distributed to the munici- palities as part of the overall budget for the municipalities. It is up to the municipal council to distribute funds to primary and lower secondary education and ensure that national requirements are met. |
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