Genetikadan masala ishlash


Download 1.16 Mb.
bet5/11
Sana13.11.2020
Hajmi1.16 Mb.
#144926
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11
Bog'liq
genetika


97-masala*. G‘o‘za o‘simligida cheklanmagan hosil shoxi (S) cheklangan hosil shoxi (s) ustidan to‘liq, o‘simlikning antotsian rangi (Rp) yashil rangi (rp) ustidan to‘liqsiz, qo‘ng‘ir tola (FrBr) oq tola (Frbr) ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi. CHeklanmagan hosil shoxli, antotsian rangli va tolasi qo‘ng‘ir bo‘lgan g‘o‘za o‘simligi har uchchala belgi bo‘yicha retsessiv gomozigotali boshqa g‘o‘za o‘simligi bilan chatishtirilib, F1 da cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, oraliq rangli va tolasi novvot rang bo‘lgan duragaylar olindi. F1 duragaylari o‘z-o‘zi bilan changlantirilib F2 duragaylari olindi. F2 da hosil bo‘ladigan fenotipik va genotipik sinflarni aniqlang.

Masalaning echilishi:

cheklanmagan hosil shoxi, cheklangan hosil shoxi,

antotsian rang, qo‘ng‘ir tola yashil rang, oq tola

P ♀ SS RpRp FrBr FrBr X ♂ ss rprp Frbr Frbr

g S Rp FrBr s rp Frbr

F1 Ss Rprp FrBr Frbr - cheklanmagan hosil shoxi, oraliq rang, novvot rang tola
cheklanmagan hosil shoxi, cheklanmagan hosil shoxi,

oraliq rang, novvot rang tola oraliq rang, novvot rang tola

P ♀ Ss Rprp FrBr Frbr X ♂ Ss Rprp FrBr Frbr

g S Rp FrBr S Rp FrBr

S Rp Frbr S Rp Frbr

S rp FrBr S rp FrBr

s Rp FrBr s Rp FrBr

S rp Frbr S rp Frbr

s Rp Frbr s Rp Frbr

s rp FrBr s rp FrBr

s rp Frbr s rp Frbr

F2 1. SS RpRp FrBr FrBr - 1 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

2. SS RpRp FrBr Frbr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, novvot rang tola;

3. SS Rprp FrBr FrBr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

4. Ss RpRp FrBr FrBr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

5. Ss Rprp FrBr FrBr - 4 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

6. Ss RpRp FrBr Frbr - 4 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, novvot rang tola;

7. SS Rprp FrBr Frbr - 4 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, novvot rang tola;

8. Ss Rprp FrBr Frbr - 8 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, novvot rang tola;

9. SS RpRp Frbr Frbr - 1 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, oq tola;

10. SS Rprp Frbr Frbr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, oq tola;

11. Ss RpRp Frbr Frbr- 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, antotsian, oq tola;

12. Ss Rprp Frbr Frbr - 4 cheklanmagan shoxli, oraliq rang, oq tola;

13. SS rprp FrBr FrBr - 1 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

14. SS rprp FrBr Frbr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, novvot rang tola;

15. Ss rprp FrBr FrBr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

16. Ss rprp FrBr Frbr - 4 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, novvot rang tola;

17. ss RpRp FrBr FrBr- 1 cheklangan shoxli, antotsian, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

18. ss Rprp FrBr FrBr - 2 cheklangan shoxli, oraliq rang, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

19. ss RpRp FrBr Frbr- 2 cheklangan shoxli, antotsian, novvot rang tola;

20. ss Rprp FrBr Frbr - 4 cheklangan shoxli, oraliq rang, novvot rang tola;

21. SS rprp Frbr Frbr - 1 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, oq tola;

22. Ss rprp Frbr Frbr - 2 cheklanmagan shoxli, yashil, oq tola;

23. ss RpRp Frbr Frbr - 1 cheklangan shoxli, antotsian, oq tola;

24. ss Rprp Frbr Frbr - 2 cheklangan shoxli, oraliq rang, oq tola;

25. ss rprp FrBr FrBr - 1 cheklangan shoxli, yashil, qo‘ng‘ir tola;

26. ss rprp FrBr Frbr - 2 cheklangan shoxli, yashil, novvot rang tola;

27. ss rprp Frbr Frbr - 1 cheklangan shoxli, yashil, oq tola;

F2 da hosil bo‘ladigan fenotipik sinflar

1. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 3

2. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, novvot rang tola- 6

3. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, oq tola - 3

4. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 6

5. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, novvot rang tola - 12

6. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, oq tola -6

7. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 3

8. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, novvot rang tola - 6

9. CHeklanmagan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, oq tola - 3

10. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 1

11. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, novvot rang tola - 2

12. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, antotsian rangli, oq tola - 1

13. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 2

14. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, novvot rang tola - 4

15. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, oraliq rangli, oq tola - 2

16. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, qo‘ng‘ir tola - 1

17. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, novvot rang tola - 2

18. CHeklangan shoxlanishli, yashil rangli, oq tola - 1

Bitta belgi bo‘yicha to‘liq, ikkita belgi bo‘yicha to‘liqsiz dominantlik hodisasi kuzatiladigan bo‘lsa, F2 da 18 ta fenotipik sinflar hosil bo‘ladi. Ularning nisbati 3:6:3:6:12:6:3:6:3:1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1.

Genotipik sinflar soni - 27 ta.

98-masala. G‘o‘za o‘simligida gulyonbarglarning yuraksimon shakli (Fg) ingichka shakli (fg) ustidan to‘liq, barg plastinkasining panjasimon-kesik (Ol) shakli panjasimon-bo‘linma (ol) shakli ustidan to‘liqsiz, o‘simlikning antotsian rangi (Rp) yashil rangi (rp) ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi.

Gulyonbarglari yuraksimon shaklda bo‘lgan, barg plastinkasi oddiy – panjasimon-bo‘linmali, yashil rangli g‘o‘za o‘simliklari gulyonbarglari ingichka shaklda bo‘lgan, barg plastinkasi panjasimon-kesik shaklli, antotsian rangli boshqa g‘o‘za o‘simliklari bilan chatishtirilib olingan F1 duragaylari gulyonbarglarining yuraksimon shakli, barg plastinkasining panjasimon-bo‘lakli, oraliq rangli bo‘lishi bilan xarakterlanadi. F1 duragaylarini o‘z-o‘zi bilan changlantirib olingan F2 duragaylarida qanday ajralish sodir bo‘ladi?



99-masala*. G‘o‘za o‘simligida cheklanmagan hosil shoxi (S) cheklangan hosil shoxi (s) ustidan, changlarning to‘q sariq rangi (P1) och sariq rangi (p1) ustidan to‘liq dominantlik qiladi. O‘simlikning antotsian rangi (Rvst) yashil rangi (rvst) ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi.

CHeklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari och sariq, o‘simliklari yashil rangda bo‘lgan g‘o‘zalar hosil shoxi cheklangan, changlari to‘q sariq, o‘simliklari antotsian bo‘lgan g‘o‘zalar bilan chatishtirilib, F1 da cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari to‘q sariq, o‘simliklari oraliq rangda bo‘lgan duragaylar olindi. F1 duragaylarini o‘z-o‘ziga changlantirib olingan ikkinchi avlod (F2) duragaylarida o‘rganilayotgan belgilar bo‘yicha ajralish kuzatilgan. F2 da hosil bo‘ladigan genotipik va fenotipik sinflarni aniqlang.

Masalaning echilishi:

Belgi Gen

CHeklanmagan hosil shoxi S

CHeklangan hosil shoxi s

CHanglarning to‘q sariq rangi P1

CHanglarning och sariq rangi p1

O‘simliklarning antotsian rangi Rvst

O‘simliklarning yashil rangi rvst


cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, cheklangan hosil shoxli,

changlari och sariq, changlari to‘q sariq,

o‘simlik yashil rangli o‘simlik antotsian rangli

P ♀ SS p1p1 rvstrvst X ♂ ss P1P1 RvstRvst

g S p1rvst s P1 Rvst

F1 SsP1p1Rvstrvst - cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari to‘q sariq , o‘simlik oraliq rangli


cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, cheklanmagan hosil shoxli,

changlari to‘q sariq, changlari to‘q sariq,

o‘simlik oraliq rangli o‘simlik oraliq rangli

P ♀ Ss P1p1 Rvstrvst X ♂ Ss P1p1 Rvstrvst

g SP1Rvst SP1Rvst

SP1rvst SP1rvst

Sp1Rvst Sp1Rvst

sP1Rvst sP1Rvst

Sp1rvst Sp1rvst

sP1rvst sP1rvst

sp1Rvst sp1Rvst

sp1rvst sp1rvst

F2 1. SSP1P1RvstRvst = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

2. SSP1P1Rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

3. SSP1p1Rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

4. SsP1P1RvstRvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

5. SsP1p1RvstRvst = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

6. SsP1P1Rvstrvst = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

7. SSP1p1Rvstrvst = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

8. SsP1p1Rvstrvst = 8 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

9. SSP1P1rvstrvst = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

10. SSP1p1rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

11. SsP1P1rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

12. SsP1p1rvstrvst = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

13. SSp1p1RvstRvst = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang

14. SSp1p1Rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang

15. Ssp1p1RvstRvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang

16. Ssp1p1Rvstrvst = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang

17. ssP1P1RvstRvst =1 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

18. ssP1p1RvstRvst = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang

19. ssP1P1Rvstrvst = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

20. ssP1p1Rvstrvst = 4 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang

21. SSp1p1rvstrvst = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang

22. Ssp1p1rvstrvst = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang

23. ssP1P1rvstrvst = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

24. ssP1p1rvstrvst = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang

25. ssp1p1RvstRvst = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang

26. ssp1p1Rvstrvst = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang

27. ssp1p1rvstrvst = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang.
F2 dagi fenotipik sinflar:

1. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, antotsian rangli - 9

2. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, oraliq rangli - 18

3. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, yashil rangli - 9

4. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, antotsian rangli - 3

5. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, oraliq rangli - 6

6. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, yashil rangli - 3

7. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, antotsian rangli - 3

8. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, oraliq rangli - 6

9. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, yashil rangli - 3

10. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, antotsian rangli - 1

11. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, oraliq rangli - 2

12. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, yashil rangli - 1

Ikkita belgi bo‘yicha to‘liq dominantlik va bitta belgi bo‘yicha to‘liqsiz dominantlik holatida 12 ta fenotipik sinflar hosil bo‘ladi. Ularning nisbati 9:18:9:3:6:3:3:6:3:1:2:1. Genotipik sinflar soni 27 ta.



100-masala*. G‘o‘za o‘simligida qo‘ng‘ir tola (FrBr) oq tola (Frbr) ustidan, o‘simlikning antotsian rangi (Rp) yashil rangi (rp) ustidan, barg plastinkasining panjasimon-kesik (Ol) shakli panjasimon-bo‘linma (ol) shakli ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi.

Har uchchala belgi bo‘yicha dominant gomozigotali g‘o‘za o‘simliklari har uchchala belgi bo‘yicha retsessiv gomozigotali g‘o‘zalar bilan chatishtirilib, F1 da novvot rang tolali, o‘simliklari oraliq rangli va barg plastinkasi panjasimon-bo‘lakli bo‘lgan duragaylar olindi. F1 duragaylarini o‘z-o‘zi bilan chatishtirib F2 duragaylari olindi. F2 duragaylarida o‘rganilayotgan belgilar bo‘yicha qanday ajralish sodir bo‘ladi? Olingan F1 duragaylari har uchchala belgi bo‘yicha dominant va retsessiv gomozigota ota-ona bilan qayta chatishtirilsa, FB da qanday ajralish sodir bo‘ladi?

Masalaning echilishi:

Belgi Gen

Tolaning qo‘ng‘ir rangi FrBr

Tolaning oq rangi Frbr

O‘simliklarning antotsian rangi Rp

O‘simliklarning yashil rangi rp

Barg plastinkasining panjasimon kesik shakli Ol

Barg plastinkasining panjasimon bo‘linma shakli ol


qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian rang, oq tola, yashil rang,

panjasimon kesik panjasimon bo‘linma

P ♀ FrBrFrBr RpRp OlOl X ♂ FrbrFrbr rprp olol

g FrBr Rp Ol Frbr rp ol

F1 FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol - novvot rang tolali, o‘simligi oraliq rangli,

bargi panjasimon bo‘lakli


novvot rang tolali, oraliq novvot rang tolali, oraliq

rangli, panjasimon bo‘lakli rangli, panjasimon bo‘lakli

P ♀ FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol X ♂ FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol

g FrBr Rp Ol FrBr Rp Ol

FrBr Rp ol FrBr Rp ol

FrBr rp Ol FrBr rp Ol

Frbr Rp Ol Frbr Rp Ol

FrBr rp ol FrBr rp ol

Frbr Rp ol Frbr Rp ol

Frbr rp Ol Frbr rp Ol

Frbr rp ol Frbr rp ol

F2 1. FrBrFrBr RpRp OlOl = 1 qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian, panjasimon-kesik

2. FrBrFrBr RpRp Olol = 2 qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

3. FrBrFrBr Rprp OlOl = 2 qo‘ng‘ir tola, oraliq rang, panjasimon-kesik

4. FrBrFrbr RpRp OlOl = 2 novvot rang tola, antotsian, panj. -kesik

5. FrBrFrbr Rprp OlOl = 4 novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj.- kesik

6. FrBrFrbr RpRp Olol = 4 novvot rang tola, antotsian, panj. -bo‘lakli

7. FrBrFrBr Rprp Olol = 4 qo‘ng‘ir tola, oraliq rang, panj. -bo‘lakli

8. FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol = 8 novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj.-bo‘lakli

9. FrBrFrBr RpRpolol = 1 qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian, panj. -bo‘linma

10. FrBrFrBr Rprp olol = 2 qo‘ng‘ir tola, oraliq rang, panj. -bo‘linma

11. FrBrFrbr RpRp olol = 2 novvot rang tola, antotsian, panj. -bo‘linma

12. FrBrFrbr Rprp olol = 4 novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj.-bo‘linma

13. FrBrFrBr rprp OlOl = 1 qo‘ng‘ir tola, yashil, panjasimon -kesik

14. FrBrFrbr rprp OlOl = 2 novvot rang tola, yashil, panjasimon-kesik

15. FrBrFrBr rprp Olol = 2 qo‘ng‘ir tola, yashil, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

16. FrBrFrbr rprp Olol = 4 novvot rang tola, yashil, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

17. FrbrFrbr RpRp OlOl = 1 oq tola, antotsian, panjasimon-kesik

18. FrbrFrbr Rprp OlOl = 2 oq tola, oraliq rang, panjasimon-kesik

19. FrbrFrbr RpRp Olol = 2 oq tola, antotsian, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

20. FrbrFrbr Rprp Olol = 4 oq tola, oraliq rang, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

21. FrBrFrBr rprp olol = 1 qo‘ng‘ir tola, yashil, panjasimon-bo‘linma

22. FrBrFrbr rprp olol = 2 novvot rang tola, yashil , panj. -bo‘linma

23. FrbrFrbr RpRp olol = 1 oq tola, antotsian, panjasimon -bo‘linma

24. FrbrFrbr Rprp olol = 2 oq tola, oraliq rang, panjasimon -bo‘linma

25. FrbrFrbr rprp OlOl = 1 oq tola, yashil, panjasimon -kesik

26. FrbrFrbr rprp Olol = 2 oq tola, yashil, panjasimon-bo‘lakli

27. FrbrFrbr rprp olol = 1 oq tola, yashil, panjasimon-bo‘linma.

Har uchchala belgi bo‘yicha to‘liqsiz dominantlik hodisasi kuzatilganda fenotipik va genotipik sinflarning soni bir xil bo‘lib, 27 taga teng bo‘ladi.

F1 duragaylari dominant gomozigotali ota-ona bilan chatishtirilganda:


novvot rang tolali, oraliq qo‘ng‘ir tolali, antotsian,

rangli, panjasimon bo‘lakli panjasimon kesik

P ♀ FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol X ♂ FrBrFrBr RpRp OlOl

g FrBr Rp Ol FrBr Rp Ol

FrBr Rp ol

FrBr rp Ol

Frbr Rp Ol

FrBr rp ol

Frbr Rp ol

Frbr rp Ol

Frbr rp ol

FB 1. FrBrFrBr RpRp OlOl - qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian, panjasimon kesik

2. FrBrFrBr RpRp Olol - qo‘ng‘ir tola, antotsian, panjasimon bo‘lakli

3. FrBrFrBr Rprp OlOl - qo‘ng‘ir tola, oraliq rang, panjasimon kesik

4. FrBrFrbr RpRp OlOl - novvot rang tola, antotsian, panj. kesik

5. FrBrFrBr Rprp Olol - qo‘ng‘ir tola, oraliq rang, panj. bo‘lakli

6. FrBrFrbr RpRp Olol - novvot rang tola, antotsian, panj. bo‘lakli

7. FrBrFrbr Rprp OlOl - novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj. kesik

8. FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol - novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj.bo‘lakli

Sakkizta fenotipik sinflar hosil bo‘lib, ularning nisbati 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. Dominant gomozigotali va geterozigotali organizmlar hosil bo‘ladi.


F1 duragaylari retsessiv gomozigotali ota-ona bilan chatishtirilganda:

novvot rang tolali, oraliq oq tolali, yashil,

rangli, panjasimon bo‘lakli panjasimon bo‘linma

P ♀ FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol X ♂ FrbrFrbr rprp olol

g FrBr Rp Ol Frbr rp ol

FrBr Rp ol

FrBr rp Ol

Frbr Rp Ol

FrBr rp ol

Frbr Rp ol

Frbr rp Ol

Frbr rp ol

FB 1. FrBrFrbr Rprp Olol - novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj.- bo‘lakli

2. FrBrFrbr Rprp olol - novvot rang tola, oraliq rang, panj. -bo‘linma

3. FrBrFrbr rprp Olol - novvot rang tola, yashil , panj. -bo‘lakli

4. FrbrFrbr Rprp Olol - oq tola, oraliq rang, panj. -bo‘lakli

5. FrBrFrbr rprp olol - novvot rang tola, yashil, panj.- bo‘linma

6. FrbrFrbr Rprp olol - oq tola, oraliq rang, panj. -bo‘linma

7. FrbrFrbr rprp Olol - oq tola, yashil, panjasimon -bo‘lakli

8. FrbrFrbr rprp olol - oq tola, yashil, panjasimon -bo‘linma.

Bu erda ham sakkizta fenotipik sinflar hosil bo‘lib, ularning nisbati 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. Geterozigotali va retsessiv gomozigotali organizmlar hosil bo‘ladi.


Download 1.16 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling