Green Capitals "in the Hearts and Minds of the People"
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GreenCapitalsintheHeartsandMindsofthePeople
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- Reasons for applying to the EGCA
Chapter 4: Results
The fifteen interviews that make up the data sources for this research have yielded results on all the variables that were taken into account. In this chapter, one paragraph will relate and discuss the results for every single variable. In order to keep the analysis as transparent as possible, both statements and direct quotes will reference the interviews by using the codes in Table 1, which can be found in Appendix A. The final discussion will summarise the main findings and answer the initial research questions of the research. Reasons for applying to the EGCA Evidence shows that there is a wide range of possible reasons that drive cities to apply to the EGCA. They mostly span the fields of international policy, local policy needs and economic development, and in all the cases of this study more than one reason was said to have motivated the application. Starting from international policy, which is mostly targeted at the European context (CAG-POL; OSL-ADM1; UME-ADM), some cities aim at participating in the EGCA in order to enhance their image and their connections among their peers and become a model for other administrations in Europe as a whole (LAH-POL; OSL-ADM1; UME-ADM) or even just for those that have similar conditions (CAG-POL). As in the case of Cagliari: "The challenge was how to promote a sustainability model that applies to a Mediterranean city such as Cagliari. [...] because it's not feasible that a city like Bari, for instance, may adopt the models offered by Helsinki to become sustainable…" (CAG-POL; translated from Italian) Not all the municipal administrations were reportedly so sure about the fact that their city could act as a model, however. Smaller cities like Bologna, Cagliari and Nijmegen merely aimed at networking with existing models through the EGCA or, if they should not reach the finals, even just receiving external feedback on their sustainability policy from the EGCA experts (BOL-POL; CAG- POL; NIJ-ADM1; NIJ-ADM2). These applicants were not expecting to win the EGCA contest, but being able to compare their policy to others was already an excellent opportunity for them (BOL-POL; CAG- POL; NIJ-ADM1; NIJ-ADM2; UME-ADM): 36 "We wanted to apply for the first time to see… were we really… were we really that good that we thought we were in environmental issues? We didn't know that." (LAH-POL) "We started to ask ourselves, well, my colleagues did "it's nice to be number one in the Netherlands, but how does it stand in the international field? What would our benchmark be on an international scale?" (NIJ-ADM1) For some cities, trying to get this feedback is also a way to find out policy issues that went unnoticed (CAG-CON; TAL-ADM; UME-ADM) and to recapitulate all the sustainability policies that had been pursued until then by the municipality or by a political administration (BOL-POL; CAG-POL; LAH-ADM; OSL-ADM1). Many interviewees underlined that within a municipality it is quite rare to reflect on what has been done rather than keep starting new policies, and the EGCA was one of the few opportunities to make a summary and receive feedback (BOL-POL; CAG-CON; LAH-ADM). Economic considerations are also part of the reasons for applying to the award. In particular, the most significant economic incentive the EGCA entails is visibility. Being labelled as green capital and hold an entire year of sustainability-related events is thought to attract more tourists (BOL-ADM; GHE-ADM1; LAH-POL) and innovative businesses of the green economy (GHE-ADM1; LAH-POL). Nevertheless, such visibility is not always interpreted in economic and international terms. It can also serve local needs, such as increasing the awareness of citizens for the policies the municipality is pursuing (LAH-POL; TOR-ADM; UME-ADM), increasing the local pride of the city (LAH-POL; OSL-ADM1) or reshaping its reputation as part of a general renovation process (LAH-ADM): "It would be a possibility for our citizens to see how good this city of ours is in this… area, and it would lift our self-consciousness, our self-esteem … citizens self-esteem and pride of their city." (LAH-POL) The reasons that emerged from this research can be considered to be in line with existing literature on soft tools. They match the reasons for joining TMNs, which include economic benefits, learning from others and local dynamics (Mocca, 2018). They also partly match the reasons for joining ranking systems, which revolve around visibility as linked to economic benefits and increased local self-consciousness (Elgert, 2018). Under this aspect, they also match the reasons for pursuing city branding as a way of attracting investments and 37 reshaping the image of post-industrial cities (Andersson, 2016). The fact that the reasons to apply to the EGCA encompass all these branches of the literature on soft tools does show how each administration interprets the award differently according to the needs of its city. Very few administrations are interested in all the phases and aspects of the award. Each one focuses on what interests them the most, whether it serves their international policy, their municipal management or their economic development. Download 0.67 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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