Overweight and Obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Download 5.37 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Long Term Effects of Ketogenic Diet in Obese Subjects with High Cholesterol Level.
- Abstract OBJECTIVE
- Body Mass Index of Kuwai Children Aged 3-9 Years: Reference Percentiles and Curves.
- Abstract AIM
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Obesity and Treatment of Blood Pressure among Kuwaiti Hypertensive Patients in a Primary Health Care Clinic
- ABSTRACT OB JECTIVES
- DESIGN
- Abstract AIMS
- Abstract INTRODUCTION
- Abstract OBJECTIVES
Abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate the reasons for attempting to lose weight and identify weight loss perception and characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sec onal survey of a sample of 526 Kuwai adults was carried out at the Central Medical Nutrition Clinic, Kuwait, from August to December 2003. Heights and weights were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated and classified according to WHO grades of obesity. A structured questionnaire used for collecting data was analyzed using SPSS version 12.0. RESULTS: Of the 526 subjects, the most commonly cited reasons for a emp ng to lose weight were to avoid health problems (n = 248, 47.1%) followed by improving personal appearance (n = 141, 26.8%). The weight loss percep ons of 263 (50%) of the subjects were within the accepted range (2-5 kg/month); 321 (61.0%)had previously a empted to lose weight, among them 147 (45.8%) followed the advice of doctors and die cians. The major reason mentioned for stopping the previous dietary regime was inability to resist sweets and tradi onal foods (n = 99, 31.0%) followed by dissa sfac on with the dietary outcome (n = 79, 24.8%).
obesity,but an inability among the dieters to maintain a weight loss program. Hence, behavioral management techniques may be necessary to develop nutritional education approaches and effective weight management strategies.
325
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2006 Nov;113(2):113-23. Maternal-Fetal Status of Copper, Iron, Molybdenum, Selenium, and Zinc in Obese Pregnant Women in Late Gestation. Al-Saleh E, Nandakumaran M, Al-Harmi J, Sadan T, Al-Enezi H. Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, Kuwait. Abstract Obesity is well known to be a contributory risk factor for several disease states, including diabetes mellitus. Further, obese women are more prone to have babies born with congenital abnormalities. Paucity of data on maternal-fetal disposition of essential trace elements in obese pregnancies prompted us to undertake this study. Maternal venous and umbilical arterial and venous samples were collected from obese patients (body mass index >30) and control pregnant women (body mass index <25) at me of spontaneous delivery or cesarean sections and concentrations of essential trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, and Zn determined in various samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant activity in maternal and umbilical blood were assessed using appropriate reagent kits. Maternal-fetal disposition and exchange parameters of elements studied were assessed using established criteria. Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, and Zn in the serum of control pregnant women at time of delivery averaged 2232.6, 2398.1, 10.9, 108.9, and 661.9 microg/L respectively, whereas in the obese group, the values of the above elements averaged 2150.3, 2446.8, 12.6, 96.8, and 838.9 microg/L respectively. Umbilical vein/maternal vein ratios of Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, and Zn in the control group averaged 0.29, 1.93, 1.06, 0.76, and 1.12, respec vely, whereas in the obese group, their fetal-maternal ra os averaged 0.32, 2.23, 1.06, 0.78, and 1.53, respec vely. The Cu : Zn ra o in the maternal vein of the obese group (3.60 +/- 0.20) was significantly lower (Student's t-test; p < 0.05) than that of the controls (2.50 +/- 0.19); however, Cu : Fe ra o (1.04 +/- 0.08 vs 1.02 +/- 0.09) was not significantly different (Student's t-test; p > 0.05) in the two groups. Varying differences were noted in the case of antioxidant enzyme activities between the control and study groups. We conclude that obesity is associated with alterations in maternal-fetal disposition of some essential trace elements and antioxidant enzyme status and that these alterations could pose a potential health risk for the mother as well as the fetus. 326
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006 Jul;35(7):618-23. Epub 2006 Feb 28. Perceived Effectiveness and Side Effects of Intermaxillary Fixation for Diet Control. Behbehani F, Al-Aryan H, Al-Attar A, Al-Hamad N. Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait. fbehbehani@hsc.edu.kw Abstract Weight loss is one of the major side effects associated with intermaxillary fixation (IMF) following orthognathic surgery or jaw fractures. The aim of this study was to retrospectively interview patients treated with intermaxillary fixation for diet control (IMFDC) to collect base-line informa on regarding: (1) perceived effec veness, pa ents' compliance and patients' satisfaction with the treatment; (2) the frequency of side effects associated with IMFDC. The results show that IMFDC significantly reduced weight by a mean of 6.8 kg during treatment, and a mean of 4.1 kg at a minimum of 1 month following IMFDC removal (P<0.0001). Only 32.5% of the patients complied with the planned period of IMFDC treatment while 70% were sa sfied with the treatment results. The most common side effects were speech problems and oral-facial pain with a prevalence of 52.5 and 32.5%, respec vely. IMFDC treatment is not effective for long-term weight reduction and may only be used for a very short period of time to initiate weight loss. Exercise and/or special diet programs are healthier and better means to treat obesity and maintain weight loss.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2006 Jun;286(1-2):1-9. Epub 2006 Apr 21. Long Term Effects of Ketogenic Diet in Obese Subjects with High Cholesterol Level. Dashti HM, Al-Zaid NS, Mathew TC, Al-Mousawi M, Talib H, Asfar SK, Behbahani AI. Department of Surgery, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
info@drdashti.com Abstract OBJECTIVE: Various studies have convincingly shown the beneficial effect of ketogenic diet (in which the daily consumption of carbohydrate is less than 20 grams, regardless of fat, protein and caloric intake) in reducing
327
weight in obese subjects. However, its long term effect on obese subjects with high total cholesterol (as compared to obese subjects with normal cholesterol level is lacking. It is believed that ketogenic diet may have adverse effect on the lipid profile. Therefore, in this study the effect of ketogenic diet in obese subjects with high cholesterol level above 6 mmol/L is compared to those with normocholesterolemia for a period of 56 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 66 healthy obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) greater than 30, having high cholesterol level (Group I; n = 35) and those subjects with normal cholesterol level (Group II; n = 31) were selected. The body weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, urea, creatinine, glucose and triglycerides were determined before and after the administration of the ketogenic diet. Changes in these parameters were monitored at 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 56 weeks of the treatment. RESULTS: The body weight and body mass index of both groups decreased significantly (P < 0.0001). The level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose level decreased significantly (P < 0.0001), whereas HDL cholesterol increased significantly (P < 0.0001) a er the treatment in both groups.
following its long term administration in obese subjects with a high level of total cholesterol. Moreover, this study demonstrates that low carbohydrate diet is safe to use for a longer period of time in obese subjects with a high total cholesterol level and those with normocholesterolemia.
Obes Surg. 2006 May;16(5):671-2. Very Early Onset of Wernicke's Encephalopathy after Gastric Bypass. Al-Fahad T, Ismael A, Soliman MO, Khoursheed M. Department of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Qadisia 35856, Kuwait. dralfahad@yahoo.com Abstract Postoperative complications resulting from bariatric surgery can lead to severe vitamin-deficiency states, such as Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). We present a 29-year-old woman with BMI 41.7 with no history of alcoholism who developed acute WE after a gastric bypass for morbid obesity. A er persistent vomi ng for 2 weeks postopera vely, symptoms 328
began with headache, vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, tingling and weakness in both upper and lower extremities, urinary incontinence, and memory loss to recent events. All investigations, including upper GI endoscopy, Gastrografin meal and even MRI, were normal. A dramatic improvement occurred in 24 hrs a er star ng 100 mg thiamine infusion daily. We recommend that patients undergoing bariatric surgery should be started on thiamine supplementation once oral intake begins, because this case showed that postopera ve acute WE can develop before 6 weeks, unlike other reports.
J R Soc Promot Health. 2006 Jan;126(1):41-6. Body Mass Index of Kuwai Children Aged 3-9 Years: Reference Percentiles and Curves. Al-Isa AN, Thalib L. Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, Code 13110, Kuwait. alisa@hsc.edu.kw
produced in the U.S. by the National Center for Health Statistics, for assessing overweight and obesity among children in Kuwait and other Arabian Gulf countries has not been examined. These standards were obtained from better-nourished and genetically different populations to those found in Kuwait and in other Gulf region countries. The purpose of this study was to develop BMI reference percentiles and curves appropriate for children aged 3-9 in these countries. METHOD: Attempts were made to include all healthy Kuwaiti kindergarten and elementary education children in this study The total sample was 113,013, comprising 55,053 males and 57,960 females. The children were measured for weight and height from which the BMI was calculated. Appropriate polynomial regression smoothing techniques were used to obtain the best-fitting percentile curves. RESULTS: At percen les < or =25th, the BMI of boys exceeded that of girls. At the 50th percen le, boys' BMI was mostly higher than or equal to that of the girls except at age nine where it was lower At the 75th percen le, the BMI of both genders was similar, with exceptions at age six and nine years. At the 85th and 95th percen les, girls' BMI was consistently higher than
329
males. At the lowest percentile, the BMI of US children was higher than Kuwaiti, Saudi (starting at six) and Iranian children. The BMI of Kuwaiti children at higher percentiles was higher than that of Saudi, Iranian (except at age < four years) and US children. CONCLUSION: BMI curves for Kuwaiti children follow almost the same pattern as their US counterparts but with noticeable variations especially at the lower and higher percentiles. This study may reflect that western standards may not be directly applicable to assess the level of BMI in Kuwait and possibly in the neighbouring Gulf countries, since they may overestimate the levels of overweight, obesity and underweight.
Kuwait Medical Journal 2006, 38 (4): 284-286 Prevalence and Factors Associated with Obesity and Treatment of Blood Pressure among Kuwaiti Hypertensive Patients in a Primary Health Care Clinic Address correspondence to:Dr. Nadia Yousef Al-Mahmoud, Head, Ehqaqi Primary Health Care Clinic (Daiya Clinic), Shamiya, P.0. Box 12364, Kuwait 71654. Tel & Fax:4335653 ABSTRACT OB JECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of obesity among adult hypertensive patients and to investigate associated factors and the differences in drug doses at the Daiya primary care clinic in Kuwait.
medication and attending the Daiya clinic during a period of six months between January and June 2004 were included in the study.
patients. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the significant associated factors were non- compliance with diet (p = 0 .006) and age (< 65, p = 0.002). Factors such as intake of evening snacks and family history of obesity were not found to be significantly associated. Obese patients needed more than one drug to control their blood pressure. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of obesity among hypertensive patients. Hence, intensive programs are recommended to control their obesity.
330
Obes Rev. 2006 May;7(2):147-54. Prevalence of Obesity in Kuwait and its Relation to Sociocultural Variables. Al-Kandari YY. Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kuwait University, Kuwait. yabdullah@kuc01.kuniv.edu.kw Abstract This study ascertains the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with some sociocultural characteristics in Kuwaiti society. The sample involved 212 men and 212 women, most of whom are overweight and obese. Grades 1 (body mass index [BMI] > 25-30 kg m(-2)), 2 (BMI > 30-40) and 3 (BMI > 40) of obesity characterize 71.2% of the sample. Most individuals are in grade 2 obesity, 37.2%. Grade 1 obesity is seen in 31.4% of the sample. Obesity increases with age, especially in women. The heaviest women are aged 60 years or older (mean BMI of 33.8), about the same mean as in the 50-59-year-old age group. The highest frequency of grades 1 and 2 obesity occur in women 30-39 years old. Fi y per cent of the underweight women are 20-29 years old or are over 60 years old. Most women of normal weight are 20-29 years old. For the men, 60% of the underweight sample are 50-60 years old. Male respondents between 30 and 39 years old are the heaviest; 42.7% of the sample are within grade 1 obesity and 40.7% of the sample within grade 2 obesity. The smallest percentage of men in grades 1 and 2 obesity are those 50-59 years old. An associa on was found between some sociocultural variables and obesity. Data show an increasing prevalence of obesity in Kuwait compared with some previous studies.
331
Diabet Med. 2005 Mar;22(3):278-85. Plasma Lep n Concentra on in Pa ents with Type 2 Diabetes: Relationship to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Insulin Resistance. Abdella NA, Mojiminiyi OA, Moussa MA, Zaki M, Al Mohammedi H, Al Ozairi ES, Al Jebely S. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait. nabdella12@yahoo.com
leptin, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein (CRP) with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in pa ents with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with CHD compared with those with Type 2 DM without CHD. METHODS: Leptin, CRP (high sensitivity assay), fasting plasma insulin, glucose, HbA(1c) and full lipid profile were determined in 58 Type 2 diabe c pa ents with CHD and 87 Type 2 DM pa ents without CHD.
Univariate correlation as well as logistic regression analyses were used to relate these markers with traditional CHD risk factors.
0.0001), waist circumference (r = 0.45; P < 0.0001), CRP (r = 0.36; P < 0.0001), and fas ng insulin (r = 0.53; P < 0.0001) as well as with systolic (r = 0.23; P = 0.007) and diastolic (r = 0.23; P = 0.007) blood pressure. However, when those with and without CHD were compared only age (P < 0.0001), dura on of diabetes (P < 0.001) and degree of microalbuminuria (P = 0.02) were significantly higher in patients with CHD. Lep n (P = 0.49), CRP (P = 0.19) and lipid parameters were not significantly different between the two groups.
with CHD risk factors. The lack of significant difference when patients with and without CHD are compared may be due to the potential confounding effects of treatment with aspirin and statins.
332
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004 Dec;270(4):205-10. Epub 2003 Aug 29. The Effect of Obesity on the Outcome of Infertility Management in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Al-Azemi M, Omu FE, Omu AE. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait. alazemimajda@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw Abstract INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic with ever increasing incidence and public health problems in both developing and developed countries.
obesity among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending infertility clinic and the effect on treatment outcome.
syndrome attending the infertility clinic were evaluated clinically, biochemically, and laparoscopically. They were stratified according to their body mass index (BMI) as follows: normal weight: 18-24; overweight: 25-29, obese:30-34, and grossly obese: > or = 35. Therapy included induc on of ovulation with clomiphene citrate and gonadotrophins. The patients were followed up through during induction of ovulation and pregnancy.
obese women had oligomenorrhoea (p<0.01) and anovula on (p<0.01) than women with normal weight. Obesity adversely affected the outcome of ovula on induc on with clomiphene citrate and gonadotrophins; 79% of women with BMI 18-24 ovulated at 6 months compared to 15.3% in those with BMI 30-34 (p<0.001) and 11.8% in women with BMI > or = 35 (p<0.001). The pregnancy rate and outcome were also adversely affected by obesity. CONCLUSION: Obesity has a negative impact on the outcome of treatment of infertility. Weight reduction programme should be an essential component of infertility management.
333
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2004;79(5-6):449-60. Obesity and Personality Types of High School Boys in Kuwait. Badr Hel-S. Family Health Department, High Institute of Public Health.
among first grade high school male students in Kuwait sand to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and personality types.
urban, and a rural governorate in Kuwait was the target population. The systematic random sampling technique was used. Pre-tested self- administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Height and weight measures were performed. Personality testing was done using the Eyzenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). RESULTS: In a sample of 504 par cipants, 44.4% were overweight and obese. High neuroticism score, large number of siblings in the family, lack of exercising, and very low family monthly income significantly predicted overweight and obesity on multivariate analysis. Download 5.37 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling