Unit 1 Nouns- otlar: singular nouns- birlik otlar plural

Shaxslar o’zgarishi:
Singular- birlik plural-ko’plik
I am > we are
You are > you are
He, she, it is > they are
I am a doctor > we are doctors- men doktorman, biz doktormiz.
You are a student > you are students- siz talabasiz, sizlar talabasizlar.
He is a waiter > they are waiters- u ofitsiant, ular ofitsiantlar.
Short Answers- qisqa javoblar
Are you…? Yes, I am/No, I am not
Yes, we are/No, we are not
Is/he/she/it…? Yes, he/she/it is
No, he/she/it is not
Are they…? Yes, they are
No, they are not
Are you a singer? Yes, I am./No, I am not.
Siz qo’shiqchimisiz? Ha men qo’shiqchiman./ yo’q men qo’shiqchi emasman.
Are you singers? Yes, we are./ No, we are not.
Sizlar qo’shiqchimisizlar? Ha biz qo’shiqchilarmiz./ yo’q biz qo’shiqchilar emasmiz.
Are they policemen? Yes, they are./ No, they are not.
Ular politsiyachilarmi? Ha ular politsiyachilar./ yo’q ular politsiyachilar emas.
Unit 3
The Indefinite Article “a/an” - noaniq artikl ”A/An”
Noaniq artikl a/an sanaladigan otlarning birligidan oldin ishlatiladi. Biz a ni undosh tovush bilan boshlangan birlikdagi otdan oldin ishlatamiz. An ni esa unli tovush bilan boshlangan birlikdagi otlardan oldin ishlatamiz:
A dolphin-bitta delfin, an elephant-bitta fil
A university (undosh tovush) an umbrella (unli tovush)
A house (undosh tovush) an hour (h-o’qilmaydigan tovush shu so’zimizda)
* Biz a va an ni quyidagi holatlarda ishlatamiz:
Birlikdagi sanaladigan otlar bilan qachonki biz kimdir kim ekanligini aytganimizda, biron bir narsa nima ekanligini aytganimizda va kimningdir kasbini aytganimizda:
It is a dog- bu kuchuk, she is a doctor- u shifokor.
* Biz a bilan an ni quyidagi holatlarda ishlatmaymiz:
Biz a va an ni sanalmaydigan otlar bilan va sanaladigan otlarning ko’pligida ishlatmaymiz.
Biz buning o’rniga some (ma’lum miqdorda, bir nechta, bir qancha) gumon olmoshini ishlatamiz:
Some chocolate- ma’lum miqdorda shokolad, some eggs- bir nechta tuxum
* Sifatdan keyin ot kelmaydigan bo’lsa, biz noaniq artiklni ishlatmaymiz. Ammo sifatdan keyin birlikdagi ot keladigan bo’lsa noaniq artikl ishlatiladi, agar sifatimiz undosh tovush bilan boshlansa sifatdan oldin a ni ishlatamiz, agar sifatimiz unli tovush bilan boshlansa an ni ishlatamiz.
It is a car. It is fast. It is a fast car. It is also an expensive car.
Bu moshina. U tez. U tez yurar moshina. U yana qimmat moshina.