Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti
Zamonaviy ingliz tilidagi sheksprizmlarga kiritilgan o`zgartishlar
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frazeologik birikmalarning paydo bolish yollari va ularning ozbek tilidagi muqobillarini tadqiq etish usullari (1)
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Zamonaviy ingliz tilidagi sheksprizmlarga kiritilgan o`zgartishlar
Hozirgi ingliz tilidagi sheksprizmlarga u yoki bu o`zgartishlar kiritilgan bo`lishi mumkin. Bunday o`zgartishlardan ba`zilarini quyidagi misollar orqali ko`rsatib o`tamiz:
ishlatilgan va shundayligicha tilda qotib qolgan. Natijada esa miqdoriy variantlar yuzaga kelgan. Miqdoriy variantlar ibora tarkibining qisqarishi yoki kengayishi tufayli yuzaga keladi.
(S.O’Casey). In one fell swoop ingliz tilining amerika variantida tuzilishi jihatdan sinonim qilib belgilangan. Mr.Strongfort had decided, he said, to teach me everything in one well swoop. (W.Saroyan). At one fell swoop [107;116] - bir zarbada, bir galda, bir onda, darhol. The better part of valour is discretion sheksprizmi ingliz tilida so`z tartibi o`zgargan holda mavjud: discretion is the better part of valour. The better part of valour is discretion [101;155] - mardlikning ko`rki – bu kamtarlik. Fool somebody to the top of his bent sheksprizmidan to the top of somebody`s bent birikmasi mustaqil ibora sifatida ajratib olingan. Fool somebody to the top of his bent – ahmoq qilmoq, ahmoq qilib ketmoq. to the top of somebody`s bent – to`laligicha, butunlay, yetarlicha, to`yguncha, xohlagancha. Bu fikrimizni quyidagi misollar orqali ifodalaymiz:
8 Kontaminatsiya – o`xshash ikki so`z yoki ibora qismlarining chatishuvi natijasida yangi so`z yoki iboraning paydo bo`lishi.
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by way of … humouring him to the top of his bent, I … remarked “What a delicious country you have about these lodgings of yours!” (Charles Dickens). Philip, in his happier moods, indulged Tom to the top of his bent (George Eliot). “Go on a smash of boats. Play hell to the top of your bent” [Jack London] Tarkibi kengaytirilgan sheksprizmga misol sifatida more honoured in the breach than in the observance iborasini olishimiz mumkin. more honoured in the breach than in the observance – amal qilgandan ko`ra ko`proq qoida buzadi. Shekspir “Hamlet” da bu iboraning tarkibidagi ikkinchi in predlogini qo`llamaydi. Bu predlog keyinchalik qo`shib olingan, buning natijasida esa ikki xil varian yuzaga kelib qolgan. Bu quyida berilgan misollarda o`z tasdig`ini topadi: To my mind the afternoon call is a convention more honoured in the breach than in the observance. (W.Foster) Shekspirning more honoured in the breach than in the observance iborasi custom so`zi bilan bog`langan. Ko`plab sheksprizmlar vaqtlar o`tishi bilan leksik variantlarga ega bo`lib bordi, masalan: applaud (yoki cheer) to the echo – baqirib, zavqlanib olqishlamoq, gulduros qarsaklar bilan olqishlamoq. Shekprizm: applaud to the echo [107;116]. Cram something down somebody`s throat o`z fikri, qarashlarini Ram something down somebody`s throat majburan qabul qildirmoq Thrust something down somebody`s throat Sheksprizm: thrust something down somebody`s throat [113;122]. Ba`zi hollarda sheksprizmlar tarkibi almashtirilishi mumkin. Masalan:
bo`lmoq. Macbeth: … He hath honoured me of late; and I have bought golden opinions from all sorts of people … . [107;162] Hozirda buy fe`li o`rniga win fe`li ishlatilmoqda: I don`t want to use hackneyed phrases, but the fact is I can`t say it any other way, he`d won golden opinions. (William Somerset Maugham) The sear, the yellow leaf sheksprizmining zamonaviy tilda the sear and yellow leaf varianti mavjud. The sear, the yellow leaf [107;121] - (kit.) keksalik yoshi. A Daniel come to judgement sheksprizmi hozirgi kunda ironiya sifatida ishlatiladi. A Daniel come to judgement – vijdonli, adolatli, yon bosmaydigan hakam. Download 0.63 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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