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5 - § . O z k o m p l e k t l i m a k t a b d a m a t e m a t i k a d a n b o s h
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1 5 - § . O z k o m p l e k t l i m a k t a b d a m a t e m a t i k a d a n b o s h
l a n g M c h t a ’ l i m n i t a s h k i l e t i s h n i n g x u s u s i y a t l a r i 1. Oz komplektli maktab lar haqida M a m la k a tim iz d a , x u s u s a n b iz n in g R e s p u b lik a m iz d a q is h lo q jo y - la rd a k ic h ik v a a h o li y a s h a y d ig a n u z o q p u n k tla r m a v ju d boM ib, bu jo y la r g a b ir s in f g a b e lg ila n g a n m e ’y o rd a n a n c h a g in a k a m boM gan 7 y o sh li b o la la r b oM ganda o z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r o c h ila d i.B u s h u n d a y m a k ta b k i, u n d a b ir o ’q itu v c h i b ir v a q td a b ir n e c h a s in f d a ish - la y d i. B u s in fla rd a s o n i 3 ta d a n 3 0 ta g a c h a o ’q u v c h i boM ishi m u m k in . B ir o ’q itu v c h i h a m m a (I-IV ) s in fla r b ila n b ir v a q td a is h la y d ig a n m a k ta b b ir k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d e y ila d i. I k k ita o ’q itu v c h i, u c h ta ( b a ’z a n t o ’rtta ) s in f b ila n is h la y d ig a n m a k ta b ik k i k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d e y ila d i. Ik k i k o m p le k tli m a k ta b - la rd a u c h s in fh i ik k i k o m p le k tg a b irla s h tiris h n in g u sh b u v a ria n tla rin i a m a lg a o s h iris h m u m k in : 1- v a 2 -s in f la rn i b ir k o m p le k tli q ilib b ir- 113 la s h tiris h (b u h o ld a b irin c h i s i n f b ila n u c h in c h i s i n f o ‘q itu v c h is i ish - la y d i), 1- v a 3 -s in f la m i, 2- v a 4 - s in f la m i b ir k o m p le k tg a b ir la s h ti r is h n in g m o s v a ria n tla ri ta n la n a d i. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r d a is h la s h o ‘q itu v c h i v a o 'q u v c h il a r u c h u n b ir q a to r q iy in c h ilik la r v a to ‘s iq la r b ila n bogM iq: 1. 0 ‘q itu v c h i h a r k u n i d a r s g a ta y y o rla n is h i v a tu rli fa n la rd a n e n g k a m id a 8 so a t d a rs o ‘tis h i k e ra k . O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la rd a d a r s la r b o ‘y ic h a re ja tuzish- o d d iy m a k ta b d a b ir s i n f b ila n is h la s h g a q a r a g a n d a k o ‘p v a q t ta la b q ilis h i b ila n is h la s h d a ra ja s i q iy in . H a r k u n i 8 y o k i 12 ta re ja u s tid a is h la s h q iy in g in a b o ‘lm a y , b a lk i b u la rn i o ‘z a ro k o o r d in a ts iy a la s h a n c h a g in a v a q t ta la b q ilis h i b ila n , u la rg a o p tim a l p e d a g o g ik s a m a ra b e r a d ig a n u la m i b ir b u tu n b ir la s h tir is h z a - r u rlig i b ila n h a m q iy in d ir. B u la m in g h a m m a s i o ‘q itu v c h id a n te g is h li b ilim la m i b ilis h d a n ta s h q a ri, m a k s im a l d a ra ja d a k u c h , sa b o t, u y u s h q o q lik , m a to n a t, q a t ’iy a tlik n i ta la b q ila d i. 2. 0 ‘q u v c h ila r n in g b ir n e c h a s in f g a d iq q a t e ’tib o rin i ta q s im la s h i ju d a q iy in . 3. 0 ‘q itu v c h i b ir s i n f b ila n d a r s n in g y a rm i y o k i 1/3 q ism i d a v o m id a s h u g ‘u lla n is h g a , d a r s n in g q o lg a n v a q tid a o ‘q u v c h ila r m u s ta q il is h la s h ig a to ‘g ‘ri k e la d i. 4 . 0 ‘q u v c h ila r m u s ta q il is h b a ja r a y o tg a n v a q td a o ‘q itu v c h i b o s h q a s i n f b ila n b a n d boM adi. 5. B ir s i n f o ‘q u v c h ila r i, a y n i v a q td a o ‘q itu v c h i r a h b a rlig id a ish - la y o tg a n b o s h q a s i n f o ‘q u v c h ila rin in g x a la q it b e r is h ig a q a ra m a y , m u s ta q il is h la y v e ris h la ri k era k . S h u n g a q a r a m a y o z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b o ‘q u v c h ila ri u c h u n b ir q a to r a fz a llik la ri h a m m a v ju d : 1. S i n f o ‘q u v c h ila ri s o n in in g k a m lig i ( b a ’z a n 2-3 ta o ‘q u v c h i). B u o ‘q itu v c h ig a te z - te z s o ‘ra b tu ris h , o ‘q u v c h ila r b ilim la rid a g i k a m - c h illik la rn i to p is h v a u la rn i tu z a tis h im k o n iy a tla rin i b e ra d i. 2. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la rd a o ‘q u v c h i d a f ta rla r in i te k s h iris h g a o z v a q t s a rfla y d i, u b u d a f ta rla r o rq a li o ‘q u v c h i q a n d a y v a n im a d a n q iy n a la y o tg a n in i o s o n a n iq la y d i. 3. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r m a k ta b x u s u s iy a tig a k o ‘r a o ‘q u v c h i d a r s n in g ta x m in a n 1/3 q is m id a m u s ta q il is h la s h g a t o ‘g ‘ri k e la d i. B u n in g o ‘q u v m a q s a d la rid a n ta s h q a ri, k a tta ta rb iy a v iy a h a m iy a ti h a m b o r: iro d a m u s ta h k a m la n a d i, q iy in c h ilik la m i b a r ta r a f q ilis h m a la k a s i ta rb iy a la n a d i. 114 4. Y u q o ri s in f o ‘q u v c h ila r i q u y i s in f o ‘q u v c h ila rig a y o r d a m b e r- is h la ri m u m k in , c h u n k i u la r h a r k u n i b ir s i n f x o n a s id a b irg a b o ‘lis h a d i. D a rs la rn i re ja la s h tiris h h a m o z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r d a ish ta s h k il q ilis h n i a n iq la b b e ru v c h i o m illa rd a n b irid ir. B u r e ja la s h tir is h e s a h a r x il is h la m i b ir n e c h a s in f b ir v a q td a b a ja r is h n i t a ’m in la s h d a n ib o rat. M a s a la n , b ir k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la rd a d u s h a n b a k u n i u c h u n d a rs ja d v a li q u y id a g ic h a : Dars bos- qichlari Vaqti Ishni sinflar bo'yicha tashkil qilish 1 sinf 11 sinf 111 sinf 1. 10 min Mustaqil. Son- dan yig'indini ayirishga doir misollar Mustaqil. 20 gacha bo'lgan sonlami yozib, ular ustida qo1- shish misollari 0 ‘qituvchi bosh chiligida yangi mavzu bilan tan ishtirish, mustah kamlash. Mustaqil beriladigan top- shiriqni tushunti rish 2. 15 min Mustaqil. Dars likdan misol- masalalar berish 0 ‘qituvchi boshchiligida mustaqil ishni tekshirish. Yangi mavzuni tushuntirish. Mustaqil ishga ko‘rsatma. Uyga vazifa Mustaqil. Darslik dan misol-masaia- lar yechish 3. 15 min O'qituvchi bosh- chiligida. Musta qil ishni tckshi- rish va og‘zaki mashq bajarish. «Jim» o‘yini, uy- ga vazifa berish Mustaqil. Dars likdan misol- masalalar ko‘r- satiladi Mustaqil. Oldingi topshiriqlar davom yetkaziladi 4. 5 min Mustaqil. Dars likdan misol- masalalar ko‘r- satiladi Mustaqil. Oldin- gi topshiriqlar davom yetkazi- ladi O'qituvchi bosh chiligida mustaqil ishlar tekshiriladi. Uyga vazifa bcri- ladi 115 D e m a k , 1-s in f la r ik k i d a rsn i o ld in o ‘q iy d i v a ik k i d a rs o ld in tu - g a ta d i. 0 ‘q itu v c h i u c h u n e n g o g ‘ir s o a tla r 3 c h i v a 4 c h i so a tla rd ir. 0 ‘z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r d a o ‘q u v ish in i r e ja la s h tiris h te g is h li m e to d ik q o M la n m a lar o rq a li o ‘q itu v c h ila rg a y e tk a z ilm o q d a . U c h s in fd a b ir v a q td a o M k a zilad ig a n b ir p re d m e tli (m a te m a tik a ) d a r s in in g ta x m in iy re ja s in i k e ltira m iz : 1-s in f d a « s o n d a n yigM ndini a y iris h » (m u s ta h k a m la s h ); 2 -s in fd a «21 d a n 100 g a c h a boM gan s o n la m i o g ‘z a k i r a q a m la s h » ( y a ’n i tu s h u n c h a b e r is h ), 3 - s in f d a « 1 0 0 0 ic h id a o g ‘z a k i ra q a m la s h » ( y a ’n i tu s h u n c h a b e rish ). (L .S h . L e v e n - b e r g v a b o s h q a la r. « B o sh lan g M c h s in f la rd a m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h m e - to d ik a s i» ). H a m m a n a rs a d a n o ld in o z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r d a s i n f d o s k a s i o M cham ini k a tta la s h tiris h k e ra k . B u n in g s a b a b i b ir n e c h a s i n f b ila n is h la s h s h a ro itid a d o s k a g a , b irin c h id a n , b ir n e c h a to p s h iriq m a te r ia l la ri y o z ila d i v a ik k in c h id a n , b ir n e c h a s i n f u c h u n y o z ila d i. S h u b ila n b ir g a to p s h iriq la r u m u m iy m a k ta b d a g ig a q a ra g a n d a toM aroq b a y o n q ilin a d i. C h u n k i, o ‘q u v c h ila r u la rd a n o ‘q itu v c h in in g tu s h u n tiris h la r- is iz fo y d a la n is h la ri k e ra k . O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r is h ta jrib a s id a b u m a q s a d la r d a q o ‘sh im c h a y e n g il k o ‘c h m a , o s m a (y o k i ta g lik la rg a o ‘m a tilg a n ) d o s k a la r, u z a y tir ilg a n s in f d o s k a la rid a n ( to rtib tu r ila d i- g a n p a r d a la r b ila n ta m in la n g a n ), o lib q o ‘y ila d ig a n ( o c h ila d ig a n q o p q o q li) m a x s u s d o s k a la rd a n fo y d a la n ila d i. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d a o ‘q u v c h ila m i ©‘q itis h d a h a r x il ja d v a l la r h a m m u h im ro l o ‘y n a y d i. B u n d a , a s o s a n , u m u m iy t a ’lim m a k ta b - la ri u c h u n m o M jallan g an ja d v a lla r n in g o ‘z id a n f o y d a la n is h m u m k in . O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r u c h u n m a ’lu m o tla r i o ‘z g a r tirila d ig a n ja d v a lla r n in g a h a m iy a ti, a y n iq s a , k a tta . M a s a la n , s o d d a m a s a la la m in g (m u ra k k a b m a s a la la m in g ) q is q a y o z u v la ri n a m u n a la rin i o ‘z ic h ig a o la d ig a n ja d v a lla r n i c h o ‘n ta k li q ilib ta y y o rla s h m a q s a d g a m u v o fiq , b u c h o ‘n ta k la r s o n m a ’lu m o tla m i u n g a te s k a r i m a s a la b ila n a lm a s h tiris h n a tija s id a m a q s a d n i a m a lg a o s h iris h im k o n in i b e ra d i. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d a a lg o ritm ik ja d v a lla r g a , y a ’ni a lg o ritm ik q o id a la m i o ‘z ic h ig a o lg a n ja d v a lla r g a k a tta o ‘r in b e ris h k e ra k . T a r q a tm a - d id a k tik m a te ria lla rd a n f o y d a la n is h h a m m u s ta q il is h la m i m u v a ffa q iy a tli b a ja r is h g a im k o n b e ra d i. K o ‘p c h ilik h o lla r d a b u la r to p s h iriq li k a r to c h k a la r d a n ib o ra t boM adi. 116 O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la r b a rc h a m a k ta b la r u c h u n b e lg ila n g a n d a s tu rla r b o ‘y ic h a is h la y d ig a n v a a s o s a n b o s h q a m a k ta b la r g a o ‘x s h a s h u s u lla rd a n f o y d a la n a d ila r, le k in b u y e rd a d a rs n in g ta s h k il e tilis h id a m u h im f a r q la r b o r. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d a b o la la m i o ‘q itis h v a ta rb iy a la s h o ‘q itu v c h id a n k a tta m a h o ra t ta la b q ila d i. I k k ita s i n f b ila n o ‘tk a z ila d ig a n m a s h g ‘u lo tla rn i r e ja la s h tiris h d a o ‘q itu v c h i q u y id a g i m a s a la la m i h a l e tish i k e ra k : 1) o ‘q itu v c h i r a h b a rlig id a o ‘tk a z ila d ig a n m a s h g ‘u lo t v a q tin i r a t s io n a l ta q s im la s h ; 2) o ‘q u v c h ila m in g m u s ta q il s h u g ‘u lla n is h la rin i t o ‘g ‘ri ta s h k il e tish ; 3 ) m u s ta q il is h la m i q a c h o n v a q a n d a y te k s h iris h n i o ld in d a n t o ‘g ‘ri re ja la s h tiris h ; 4 ) b ir s in fd a n ik k in c h is ig a o ‘tis h n i q a n d a y a m a lg a o s h iris h n i h al etish . B u m a s a la la m i h a l e tis h u c h u n 0 ‘q itu v c h i d a rs ja d v a li d a m a te m a tik a d a r s in in g o ‘m in i, d a rs n in g tu rin i b e lg ila b o lis h i, d a r s n in g m in u tla r b o ‘y ic h a ta q s im la n g a n p u x ta v a a n iq re ja s in i tu z ib o lis h i lo z im . D a rs ja d v a li d a m a te m a tik a , o d a td a , b irin c h i y o k i ik k in c h i s o a tg a q o ‘y ila d i. M a te m a tik a d a rs in i b o s h q a s in fd a g i x u d d i sh u d a rs b ila n b ir g a lik d a boM ishi e n g m a q b u ld ir. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b la rd a d a r s n in g m a z m u n i v a tu r ig a q a ra b m a s h g ‘u lo tla m i b irg a lik d a o lib b o r is h n in g u sh b u to ‘r t tu ri fa rq q ili n a d i: a) b a rc h a s in fla rd a y a n g i m a te ria l o ‘rg a n ila d i; b ) b ir s in fd a y a n g i m a te ria l o ‘r g a n ila d i, ik k in c h i s in f d a esa m a s h q la r b a ja rila d i; c ) ik k a la s in fd a m a la k a la m i m u s ta h k a m la s h v a riv o jla n tiris h d a r s i o ‘tk a z ila d i; d ) ik k a la s in fd a a m a liy is h la r y o k i e k s k u rs iy a o ‘tk a z ila d i. M a sa la n : Q u y i s i n f Y u q o r i s i n f D a r s m a v z u s i D a r s m a v z u s i D a r s m a q s a d i D a r s m a q s a d i D a rs n in g b o ris h i 117 1. 0 ‘q itu v c h in in g o ‘q u v c h ila r b ila n is h la s h i 1. 0 ‘q u v c h ila m in g m u s ta q il is h las h i 2 . 0 ‘q u v c h ila r n in g m u s ta q il is h la ri 2 . 0 ‘q itu v c h ila m in g o ‘q u v c h ila r b ila n is h la s h i 3 . 0 ‘q itu v c h ila m in g o ‘q u v c h ila r b ila n is h la s h i 3. 0 ‘q u v c h ila m in g m u s ta q il is h las h i 4 . 0 ‘q u v c h ila m in g m u s ta q il ish - la s h la r i 4 . 0 ‘q itu v c h ila m in g o ‘q u v c h ila r b ila n is h la s h la r i 1-IV sin fla rd a d arsn i ta sh k il q ilish tu rla rid a n b irin i k o ‘rib ch iq am iz, u ik k in ch i y a rim y illik u c h u n , b irin c h i s in f b o la lari m u sta q il ish lash m a la k a sig a e g a b o ‘lg a n larid a n s o ‘n g ta v siy a q ilinadi. D a r s n in g b u n d a y tu z ilis h i u sh b u tu rg a m o s k e la d i: B ir s in f d a y a n g i m a te ria ln i tu s h u n tirib , q o lg a n ik k i s in fd a o ‘rg a n ilg a n m a te ria ln i m u s ta h k a m la s h . B ir n e c h a s in fla r b ir v a q td a s h u g ‘u lla n g a n id a o ‘q u v c h ila r- n in g m u s ta q il is h la ri a lo h id a o ‘r in tu ta d i. D a rs d a m u s ta q il is h la s h n in g m a z m u n i q u y id a g ic h a : - d a r s d a y a n g i b ilim la m i o ‘z la s h tiris h u c h u n z a r u r b o ‘ lg a n , o ld in o ‘tilg a n m a te ria ln i d a r s lik y o k i b o s h q a m a n b a b o ‘y ic h a m u s ta q il ta k ro rla s h ; - d a rs d a o ‘r g a n ilg a n m a te ria ln i m u s ta h k a m la s h u c h u n m a s h q la r; - o lin g a n b ilim la m i am aliy qoM laniladigan turli x ild ag i m ash q lar. M u s ta q il ish n i t o ‘g ‘ri ta s h k il e tis h d a o ‘q u v to p s h iriq la rin in g m u - fa ssa l is h la n m a la rin i e s la tm a la r y o r d a m id a b e ra d i. M u s ta q il is h la s h u su lla ri b ila n b o la la m i o ‘q itu v c h i m a k ta b d a g i b irin c h i d a rs la r id a n b o s h la b ta n is h tira b o s h la y d i. B u fik rlash u q u v in i sh a k lla n tirad i, m a te m a tik n u tq n i riv o jla n tirad i, k u c h s iz o ‘q u v c h ila m in g m a teria ln i y a x sh iro q tu sh u n ib o lis h v a h a m m a q ato ri o ‘z m u v a ffa q iy a tla rid a n q u v o n ish la rig a im k o n y ara-tadi. N a z o r a t u c h u n s a v o l l a r 1. O z k o m p le k tli q is h lo q m a k ta b id a o ‘q u v is h in i ta s h k il e tis h n in g x u s u s iy a tla ri n im a la rd a n ib o ra t? 2. O z k o m p le k tli m a k ta b d a d a rs o ‘tis h n in g ta x m in iy s x e m a s in i tu z in g . 3. M u s ta q il ish n i y o ‘lg a q o ‘y is h x u s u s iy a tla r i n im a la rd a n ib o ra t? 118 |
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