Since + aniq vaqt
For + muddat ifodalanadi.
M: I haven’t seen him since November
I haven’t seen him for 3 month
! Since – bog’lovchisi bilan bog’langan qo’shma gapning bosh gapida – Present Perfect, ergash gapida – Past Simple ishlatiladi
M: I haven’t heard from him since he left Tashkent
After, when, as soon as, till, until, if bog’lovchilari bilan bog’langan qo’shma gaplarning ergash gap qismida Future zamoni o’rnida Present Perfect ishlatiladi.
M: I shall go to the country as soon as I have passed my examination
I shall give you the bthe book after I have read it
Ma’lum bir ish-harakatni 1-2-3-marta sodir etayotganini anglatish uchun ishlatilgan gap Present Perfectda qo’llaniladi, bunday gaplar quyidagi ibora bilan boshlanadi.
It is the first time… It is the second time… It is the third time…
M: It is the first time I have driven the car
So’roq gaplarda ma’lum bir ish-harakat haqida (Have you ever – hech, biror marta) gapirilsa Present Perfect ishlatiladi
M: Have you ever been in Bukhara?
Have you ever seen this film?
Orttirma darajadagi sifat ishlatilgan frazalardan keyin Present Perfect ishlatiladi.
M: It is the most boring film I have ever seen
It is the best food I have ever eaten
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
(Hozirgi tugallangan davom zamon)
YASALISHI:
+ S + have/has + been + Ving
- S + have/has + not + been + Ving
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