Ingliz tili grammatikasi

TO BE TO
1. To be to – kerak – oldindan rejalashtirilgan, kelishilgan ish-harakatni ifodalashda ishlatiladi
M: I was to write the letter but I forgot


DARE TO
1. Dare to – Biror bir ish-harakatni bajarishga haddi sig’moq, jazm etmoq ma’nosida ishlatiladi. O’tgan zamon shakli – Dare + have + V₃. Bunda ba’zan to predlogi tushib qolishi ham mumkin.
M: How did you dare to do it?

2. Dare + to + V₁

Dare + not + to + V₁
M: I dare not tell him but he made do it


QUESTIONS


ALTERNATIVE QUESTIONS
(Tanlov-so’roq gaplar)

1. 
   Bu so’roq gaplarni hosil qilishda umumiy so’roq singari yordamchi, bog’lovchi, modal fe’lni otdan oldinga chiqarishimiz va gap tarkibidagi istalgan bo’lakni tanlovga qo’yamiz. Tanlov orasida or (yoki) bog’lovchisi ishlatiladi. Tanlov so’roq to’liq javob talab qiladi.
   

M: Is his name Akmal or Zafar? His name is Akmal (but it is not Zafar)
Are you at home or at school? I am at home
Is this Sanjar’s or Akmal’s book? It is Sanjar’s book

2. 
   Ega alternativlashtirilganda har ikkala ega oldidan mos yordamchi, bog’lovchi, modal fe’l chiqariladi
   

M: Is Parvina a student or is Nafisa? Parvina is a student


TAG QUESTIONS (DISJUNCTIVE)
(Tasdiq-so’roq gaplar)

1. 
   Bunday so’roq gaplar ikki qismdan iborat bo’ladi
   

1 – DARAK GAP, 2 – QISQA SO’ROQCHA

+ , - ?

1. 
   Agar darak gap bo’lishli bo’lsa, so’roqcha bo’lishli bo’ladi: They
   

M: He knows English, doesn’t he?

They are coming, are not they?
I can speak English, can’t I?
You have a book, don’t you?
You have got a book, haven’t you?
She is Nafisa, isn’t she?

- , + ?

2. 
   Agar darak gap bo’lishsiz bo’lsa so’roqcha bo’lishli bo’ladi:
   

M: He doesn’t know English, does he?

They are not coming, are they?
I can’t speak English, can I?
You don’t have a book, do you?
You haven’t got a book, have you?
She is not Parvina, is she?

2. 
   Agar birinchi gap I am… bo’lsa, so’roqcha are not I… bo’ladi
   

M : I am a doctor, are not I? amn’t I
am I not
I am speaking, are not I?
Ammo – I am not a doctor, am I?

3. 
   Agar birinchi gap buyruq gap bo’lsa so’roqcha will you bo’ladi
   

M: Close the door, will you?
Don’t close the door, will you?

Agar birinchi gap let’s = let us gapi bilan boshlansa so’roqcha shall we bo’ladi

M: Let’s go home, shall we?
Let me go home, shall I?