Ingliz tili grammatikasi

OTLARNING ROD KATEGORIYASI
1. Ingliz tilida otlarning rod kategoriyasi birinchidan 3-shaxs birlikdagi olmoshlarda farqlanadi. Ya’ni erkak jinsni ifodalasa – He; ayol jinsni ifodalasa – She; chaqaloq, hayvon, o’simlik yoki jonsiz narsalarni ifodalasa – It ishlatiladi. Agar chaqaloq va hayvon jinsi ma’lum bo’lsa He, She bo’ladi.

2. Agar ot qo’shma ot bo’lsa uning tarkibidagi rodni bildiruvchi boy, girl, man, woman, father, mother kabi ko’rsatkichlardan foydalaniladi.

M: Englishmen – Englishwomen
Stepfather – Stepmother
Son-in-low – Daughter-in-low

3. Ba’zi erkak jinsidagi otlarga –ess qo’shimchasi qo’shilsa ayol jinsidagi otga aylanadi

M: prince – princess
poet – poetess
actor – actress
waiter – waitress
lion – lioness
tiger – tigress
host – hostess
PREDLOG
1-O’rin-joy preloglari:
On – ustida - The pen is on the book
In – ichida - The book is in the box
Under – tagida - The cat is under the table
At – yonida - He stays at the table

2- Yo’nalish predloglari:

To - ...ga - I am going to the school
From - …dan - Nafisa is from Bukhara
Into - …ichiga - I put the book into the bag
Out of - …ichidan - He took the torch from the box
PERSONAL PRONOUN
(Kishilik olmoshlari)
Birlik Ko’plik
1-shaxs - I We
2-shaxs - You You
3-shaxs - He, She, It They

1. Kishilik olmoshlari gapda ega vazifasida keladi.

M: I go to the school
2. “I” olmoshi doim bosh harf bilan yozilib, boshqa olmoshlar yoki otlar bilan uyushib kelganda har doim ulardan keyin ishlatiladi.
M: You and I go to the school