Ingliz tili grammatikasi

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
(Hozirgi davom zamon)
YASALISHI:


+ S + am/is/are + V_ing


- S + am/is/are + not + V_ing


? am/is/are + S + V_ing?


M: I am explaining I am not helping Parvina Are you sleeping?
It is snowing Akmal is not smoking Is he writing?


QO’LLANILISHI:

1. Aynan gapirilayotgan paytda sodir bo’layotgan jarayon bo’lib gapirishdan biroz ilgari boshlangan ayni paytda tugallanmagan jarayondir. Bunda gap tarkibida quyidagi payt ravishlari ishtirok etadi:

now, at the moment, at this time, right now, still

M: We are watching TV right now

Is she writing at the moment?

2. Aynan nutq paytida bo’lmasada nutq jarayoni atrofida sodir bo’ladigan ish-harakatlar Present Continuousda ishlatiladi.

M: I am reading an interesting book

3. Matnda Present zamonini ifodalagan konkret vaqt bo’lsa Present Continuous ishlatiladi.

M: It is early morning. Birds are singing
Today is snowy day. Children are skating

4. Buyruq, undov, his-hayajondan so’ng davom etayotgan ish-harakat bo’lsa Present Continuous ishlatiladi.

M: Sh! A baby is sleeping. Listen! Nafisa is singing. Look! It is snowing.
5. O’zgarish, bir holatdan ikkinchi holatga almashinish vaziyati ifodalanganda ham hozirgi zamon uchun Present Continuous ishlatiladi.
M: The population of the world is rising very fast
Days are getting shorter day after day

6. Ma’lum bir vaziyatda norozilik, ta’na-dashnom ma’nosi bo’lsa hozirgi zamonda Present Continuous ishlatiladi.

M: You are always coming late. Wake up earlier
She is usually losing her key

7. Yaqin kelajakda bajarilishi oldindan rejalashtirilgan ish-harakat:

a) ko’chishni bildiruvchi (to go, to come, to arrive, to sail, to fly…) fe’llar Present Continuousda ishlatiladi. Bunda kelasi zamonni ko’rsatuvchi ko’rsatkich bo’lishi kerak.
M: She is going to Tashkent after 3 days
Parvina is coming tomorrow

b) ko’chishni bildirmaydigan (to read, to ask, to keep, to learn) fe’llar rejalashtirilgan kelasi zamon holatida: