Korean Studies, 27. 1
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Kory 335 as an independent realm
w0no t’appimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 440 –61; Koks0ng Taeansa Kwanghye taesa
pimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 336– 42. 23. See Kory0sa p0mnye: 1a-b. For a detailed discussion of this debate, see Py0n T’aes0p, Kory0sa-1i y0n’gu [A study of the Kory0sa] (Seoul: Samy0ngsa, 1982), 146– 49. 24. See Kory0sa 3: 25a (992) and 3: 28a (995) for the following instances during the reign of S0ngjong. 25. As in the case of the letter King Ky0ngsun sent to Wang K0n when he sur- rendered Silla to him. The Kory0sa and the Pohanjip contain different versions of the same letter. The one included in the Kory0sa omits the imperial terms of address that the version in the Pohanjip has retained. See No, “Kory0 shidae-1i taw0nj0k ch’0nha’g- wan-gwa haedong ch’0nja,” 13–14. A similar occurrence can be inferred to have hap- pened from the appearance of the term ch’0njo in Buddhist steles for important monks and its omission or adaptation in the Kory0sa. Ch’0njo refers to a special ritual of an- cestor worship that the Son of Heaven performs when he ascends to the throne. In early Kory0, the ch’0njo ritual was mentioned in almost all epitaphs for national and grand preceptors. Although it is not exactly clear in what way, there seems to have been a con- nection with the presence of a high Buddhist priest. Later, during middle Kory0, the orig- inal meaning of the word ch’0njo seems to have eroded; at this time it occurs as a syn- onym for ch1gwi, ascendance to the throne. Its occurrence can be verified for the reigns of Hyejong, Ch0ngjong, Ky0ngjong, S0njong, Munjong, Sukchong, Injong, My0ngjong, Sinjong, and Koj0ng. From the reign of Injong on, ch’0njo seems to have lost its origi- nal meaning. See Y0ngju Kodalw0n W0njong taesa haejin t’appimun (975); Haemi Pohy0nsa P0p’in kuksa pos1ng t’appimun (978); W0nju Kodonsa W0n’gong kuksa s1ngmyo t’appimun (1025); Ch’uksan Ch’iljangsa Hyeso kuksa t’appimun (1068); San- ch’0ng Tansoksa Taegam kuksa t’appimun (1172); Y0ngdong Hy0ngguksa W0n’gak kuksa pimun (1180); Yongin S0bongsa Hy0no kuksa pimun (1185); Ch0ngdong Po’gaksa W0n’gy0ng kuksa pimun (1224); S1ngju Pultaesa Hyejin kuksa ch0ngjo t’appimun (1286); these epitaphs can be found in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun. 26. Most kings of Chos0n desisted going in person due to the controversial nature of this ritual in a Korean context, but this reluctance in fact underlines my argument. See Son Pokee, Social History of the Early Chos0n Dynasty: The Functional Aspects of Gov- ernmental Structure (1392–1592) (Seoul: Jisik-sanup Publications, 2000), 10–12, 21. 27. See Martina Deuchler, The Confucian Transformation of Korea: A Study of Society and Ideology. Harvard-Yenching Institute monograph series 36 (Cambridge: Har- vard University Council on East Asian Studies, 1992), 82, 162. 28. Such as yongan (“dragon-face”), yongp’ae (“dragon-banner”), or yongji (“dragon-field”). See the steles of Grand Preceptors Taegy0ng (939), Yoo (937), and Chinch’0l (939): Chip’y0ng Porisa Taegy0ng taesa hy0ngi t’appimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 76–81; Kaep’ung S0unsa Yoo hwasang chinw0n t’appimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 54–58; Haeju Kwangh1isa Chinch’0l taesa pow0l s1nggong pimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 18–21. And for T’aejo’s Mandate of Heaven see, for instance, Grand Preceptor Kwanghye’s stele (950): Koks0ng Taeansa Kwanghye taesa pimun in Y0ktae kos1ng pimun 336– 42. The description of the unification of the Three Han mentions the transition of 72 k o r e a n s t u d i e s , v o l . 2 7 Korean Studies, 27.1 11/15/04 1:36 PM Page 72 the Mandate of Heaven from Silla to Kory0. In a dialogue with Kwanghye recorded some lines down, Wang K0n tells him that he “received the help of Heaven” in unifying the country. This fits perfectly with the name of the reign period that Wang K0n chose, namely, ch’0nsu, “Bestowed by Heaven.” 29. For Kory0 as a realm and the imperial tours of the country (s0ngbang), see Download 347.48 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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